Kurdi Abdulaziz, Almoatham Nasser, Mirza Mark, Ballweg Thomas, Alkahlan Bandar
The National Centre for Building and Construction Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia.
Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, 97082 Würzburg, Germany.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Sep 15;14(18):5328. doi: 10.3390/ma14185328.
Phase change materials (PCMs) are an effective thermal mass and their integration into the structure of a building can reduce the ongoing costs of building operation, such as daily heating/cooling. PCMs as a thermal mass can absorb and retard heat loss to the building interior, maintaining comfort in the building. Although a large number of PCMs have been reported in the literature, only a handful of them, with their respective advantages and disadvantages, are suitable for building wall construction. Based on the information available in the literature, a critical evaluation of PCMs was performed in this paper, focusing on two aspects: (i) PCMs for building wall applications and (ii) the inclusion of PCMs in building wall applications. Four different PCMs, namely paraffin wax, fatty acids, hydrated salts, and butyl stearate, were identified as being the most suitable for building wall applications and these are explained in detail in terms of their physical and thermal properties. Although there are several PCM encapsulation techniques, the direct application of PCM in concrete admixtures is the most economical method to keep costs within manageable limits. However, care should be taken to ensure that PCM does not leak or drip from the building wall.
相变材料（PCM）是一种有效的蓄热材料，将其融入建筑物结构中可以降低建筑物运行的持续成本，如日常供暖/制冷成本。作为蓄热材料的相变材料能够吸收并减缓热量向建筑物内部的散失，维持建筑物内的舒适度。尽管文献中报道了大量的相变材料，但其中只有少数几种各有优缺点，适用于建筑墙体施工。基于文献中可得的信息，本文对相变材料进行了批判性评估，重点关注两个方面：（i）用于建筑墙体应用的相变材料；（ii）在建筑墙体应用中包含相变材料。四种不同的相变材料，即石蜡、脂肪酸、水合盐和硬脂酸丁酯，被确定为最适合建筑墙体应用，并根据其物理和热性能进行了详细解释。尽管有几种相变材料封装技术，但将相变材料直接应用于混凝土外加剂是将成本控制在可控范围内的最经济方法。然而，应注意确保相变材料不会从建筑墙体中泄漏或滴落。
