The incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the United States continue to rise, and the disease has become an enormous health concern. While effective glycemic management reduces the risk of diabetes-related complications in patients with T2DM, many patients are unable to reduce their glucose levels to target goals. The authors review key elements in the management of T2DM with an emphasis on achieving and maintaining glycemic control. Strategies are offered to provide practical solutions to the challenges faced by healthcare providers and patients with T2DM. The importance of implementing evidence-based practice guidelines while empowering patients to participate in self-management of their disease is highlighted.