Division of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, QC, Canada.
Allergy. 2011 Jan;66(1):1-14. doi: 10.1111/j.1398-9995.2010.02422.x.
Anaphylaxis is a clinical emergency, and recent reports suggest increased prevalence. A diverse set of primary genetic and environmental influences may confer susceptibility to anaphylactic reactions. Anaphylaxis presents diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. It often manifests with a broad array of symptoms and signs that might be similar to other diseases. The management of anaphylaxis consists of emergency treatment of acute episodes as well as preventive strategies to avoid recurrences. Treatment is complicated by its rapid onset and progression, presence of concurrent diseases or medications, and need for long-term allergen avoidance. Health care professionals must be able to recognize the signs of anaphylaxis, treat an episode promptly and appropriately, and provide preventive recommendations. Recognizing the gaps in our understanding and management of anaphylaxis may help identify promising targets for future treatment and prevention and areas that require further study.
过敏反应是一种临床急症，最近的报告表明其发病率有所增加。一系列不同的主要遗传和环境影响可能使个体易发生过敏反应。过敏反应具有诊断和治疗方面的挑战。它通常表现出广泛的症状和体征，这些症状和体征可能与其他疾病相似。过敏反应的管理包括急性发作的紧急治疗以及预防复发的策略。其治疗因快速发作和进展、同时存在的疾病或药物以及长期避免过敏原的需要而变得复杂。医疗保健专业人员必须能够识别过敏反应的迹象，及时、恰当地治疗发作，并提供预防建议。认识到我们在过敏反应的理解和管理方面的差距，可能有助于确定未来治疗和预防的有前途的目标以及需要进一步研究的领域。
