University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
Med J Aust. 2010 Jun 21;192(12):690-3. doi: 10.5694/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03703.x.
To assess women's compliance with different Australian guidelines on alcohol intake during pregnancy and examine factors that might influence compliance.
DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: We analysed prospective, population-based data on women aged 22-33 years who were pregnant before October 2001, when guidelines recommended zero alcohol (n = 419), or were first pregnant after October 2001, when guidelines recommended low alcohol intake (n = 829). Data were obtained from surveys conducted in 1996, 2000, 2003 and 2006 as part of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health.
Relative risks (RRs) for zero alcohol intake, low alcohol intake and compliance with alcohol guidelines, estimated by a modified Poisson regression model with robust error variance.
About 80% of women consumed alcohol during pregnancy under zero and low alcohol guidelines. Compliance with zero alcohol guidelines or low alcohol guidelines (up to two drinks per day and less than seven drinks per week) was the same for women who were pregnant before October 2001 and women who were first pregnant after October 2001 (20% v 17% for compliance with zero alcohol guidelines, P > 0.01; 75% v 80% for compliance with low alcohol guidelines, P > 0.01). Over 90% of women drank alcohol before pregnancy and prior alcohol intake had a strong effect on alcohol intake during pregnancy, even at low levels (RR for zero alcohol, 0.21 [95% CI, 0.16-0.28]; RR for low alcohol, 0.91 [95% CI, 0.86-0.96]). RR for compliance with guidelines was 3.54 (95% CI, 2.85-4.40) for women who were pregnant while low alcohol intake was recommended, compared with those who were pregnant while zero alcohol guidelines were in place.
The October 2001 change in alcohol guidelines does not appear to have changed behaviour. Risks associated with different levels of alcohol intake during pregnancy need to be clearly established and communicated.
评估澳大利亚不同孕期饮酒指南对女性的遵守情况，并探讨可能影响其遵守的因素。
设计、地点和参与者：我们分析了前瞻性、基于人群的 22-33 岁孕妇数据，这些孕妇于 2001 年 10 月前怀孕，当时指南建议零饮酒（n=419），或于 2001 年 10 月后首次怀孕，此时指南建议低酒精摄入量（n=829）。数据来自 1996 年、2000 年、2003 年和 2006 年作为澳大利亚妇女健康纵向研究的一部分进行的调查。
通过具有稳健误差方差的改良泊松回归模型估计零饮酒、低饮酒和遵守酒精指南的相对风险（RR）。
约 80%的女性在零饮酒和低饮酒指南下怀孕期间饮酒。对于 2001 年 10 月前怀孕的女性和 2001 年 10 月后首次怀孕的女性，遵守零饮酒指南或低饮酒指南（每天不超过两杯，每周不超过七杯）的比例相同（遵守零饮酒指南的比例为 20%比 17%，P>0.01；遵守低饮酒指南的比例为 75%比 80%，P>0.01）。超过 90%的女性在怀孕前饮酒，并且在怀孕期间饮酒，即使在低水平，也有强烈的影响（零饮酒的 RR，0.21[95%CI，0.16-0.28]；低酒精的 RR，0.91[95%CI，0.86-0.96]）。与建议低酒精摄入时怀孕的女性相比，建议零酒精摄入时怀孕的女性符合指南的 RR 为 3.54（95%CI，2.85-4.40）。
2001 年 10 月的酒精指南变化似乎并没有改变行为。需要明确并传达与孕期不同酒精摄入量相关的风险。
