Health Canada, Saint-Lambert, Quebec, Canada.
J Clin Oncol. 2010 Aug 1;28(22):3653-8. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2010.29.5261. Epub 2010 Jun 21.
"Passion is not accepting defeat."--Emil Frei III. In the early 1950s, an experimental and clinical program characterized by unique cross-fertilization was developed. The clinical importance of experimental animal models in drug screening and in establishing key chemotherapy concepts and the role of the pioneers of medical oncology in the design of the various phases of drug trials, using childhood acute leukemia and breast cancer as models, are discussed. Over a short time and with only a few drugs, principles of chemotherapy were laid out, which led to cures in such diseases as childhood acute leukemia and Hodgkin's disease and to improved disease-free survival in breast cancer. It is these and other achievements that paved the way to medical oncology. At the instigation of the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), the American Board of Internal Medicine made inquiries about a subspecialty in oncology. ASCO and B. J. Kennedy, MD, played key roles in the events leading to the official recognition of medical oncology as a new subspecialty of internal medicine in 1972.
“激情就是不接受失败。”——埃米尔·弗里三世。20 世纪 50 年代初，一个以独特的交叉授粉为特点的实验和临床项目得以发展。本文讨论了药物筛选中实验动物模型的临床重要性，以及在设计药物试验的各个阶段时，医学肿瘤学先驱们使用儿童急性白血病和乳腺癌模型所确立的关键化疗概念和作用。在短时间内，仅用了几种药物，就制定了化疗原则，这使得儿童急性白血病和霍奇金病得到治愈，并提高了乳腺癌的无病生存率。正是这些和其他成就为医学肿瘤学铺平了道路。在美国临床肿瘤学会（ASCO）的倡议下，美国内科委员会就肿瘤学的一个亚专科进行了调查。ASCO 和 B.J. 肯尼迪医学博士在导致医学肿瘤学于 1972 年被正式承认为内科的一个新亚专科的事件中发挥了关键作用。
