Department of Public Health and General Practice, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Arch Sex Behav. 2011 Feb;40(1):155-68. doi: 10.1007/s10508-010-9636-x. Epub 2010 Jun 22.
Sexual orientation consists of multiple components. This study investigated both sexual identity and same-sex sexual behavior. Data came from the New Zealand Mental Health Survey, a nationally representative community sample of New Zealanders aged 16 years or older, interviewed face-to-face (N = 12,992, 48% male). The response rate was 73.3%. Self-reported sexual identity was 98.0% heterosexual, 0.6% bisexual, 0.8% homosexual, 0.3% "Something else," and 0.1% "Not sure." Same-sex sexual behavior with a partner was more common: 3.2% reported same-sex sexual experience only and 1.9% reported both experience and a relationship. For analysis of childhood and lifecourse, five sexuality groups were investigated: homosexual, bisexual, and heterosexual divided into those with no same-sex sexual experience, experience only, and experience and relationship. The non-exclusively heterosexual groups were more likely to have experienced adverse events in childhood. Educational achievement and current equivalized household income did not differ systematically across the sexuality groups. Only 9.4% of the exclusively heterosexual lived alone, compared with 16.7% of bisexuals and 19.0% of homosexuals. Heterosexuals were more likely than bisexuals or homosexuals to have ever married or had biological children, with differences more marked for males than for females. Heterosexuals with no same-sex sexual experience were more likely to be currently married than the other two heterosexual groups. Restricting comparisons to heterosexual, bisexual, and homosexual identification ignores the diversity within heterosexuals. Differences between the bisexual and homosexual groups were small compared with the differences between these groups and the exclusively heterosexual group, except for sex (80.8% of bisexuals were female).
性取向包含多个组成部分。本研究调查了性身份认同和同性性行为。数据来自新西兰心理健康调查，这是一项全国代表性的社区样本调查，涵盖了年龄在 16 岁及以上的新西兰人，采用面对面访谈方式（N=12992，48%为男性）。应答率为 73.3%。自我报告的性身份认同中，98.0%为异性恋，0.6%为双性恋，0.8%为同性恋，0.3%为“其他”，0.1%为“不确定”。与伴侣发生同性性行为更为常见：3.2%报告仅存在同性性经历，1.9%报告同时存在同性性经历和伴侣关系。为了分析童年和人生历程，研究调查了五个性取向群体：同性恋、双性恋和异性恋，分为无同性性经历、仅有同性性经历和既有同性性经历又有伴侣关系的群体。非纯异性恋群体更有可能在童年经历过不良事件。教育成就和当前同等家庭收入在性取向群体之间没有系统差异。仅有 9.4%的纯异性恋者独居，而双性恋者为 16.7%，同性恋者为 19.0%。异性恋者比双性恋者或同性恋者更有可能曾经结婚或有亲生子女，这种差异在男性中比女性中更为明显。无同性性经历的异性恋者比其他两个异性恋群体更有可能目前已婚。将比较仅限于异性恋、双性恋和同性恋认同会忽略异性恋者内部的多样性。与纯异性恋群体相比，双性恋者和同性恋者之间的差异较小，除了性别（80.8%的双性恋者为女性）。
