Dai Junming, Yu Huizhu, Wu Jianhua, Wu Cui' e, Fu Hua
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Wei Sheng Yan Jiu. 2010 May;39(3):342-6.
To identify the prevalence of depression symptoms among employees in Shanghai and to explore the association of job stress factors with depression symptoms.
Seven kinds of occupations were selected as subjects by convenient cluster sampling. Job stresses were assessed by core job stress scale and depression symptoms were measured by epidemiological survey depression scale (CES-D). Logistic regression and hierarchical moderated multiple regression were used for analysis.
There were 1301 participants completing the questionnaires. The CES-D score reached 16. 83 +/- 8.63 and depression symptoms were in 46.2% of participants. The CSE-D score and the rate of depression symptoms were varied in different age, education and occupational status. Personal hobbies were helpful to reduce depression symptoms (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.48-0.82). High social supports and high rewards were protect factors for depression symptoms, and the ORs were 0.38 (95% CI= 0.25-0.55) and 0.35 (95% CI = 0.21-0.58) respectively. High over-commitment and effort-reward imbalance were risk factors for depression symptoms, and the ORs were 2.72 (95% CI = 1.76-4.21) and 2.77 (95% CI = 1.09-7.05) respectively. The effort-reward imbalance model is more powerful in predicting depression symptoms than the job demand-control model.
Effort-reward imbalance and high over-commitment are the risk factors for depression symptoms, more social supports and having hobbies are the protect factors for depression symptoms.
确定上海员工中抑郁症状的患病率，并探讨工作压力因素与抑郁症状之间的关联。
采用方便整群抽样法选取七种职业作为研究对象。通过核心工作压力量表评估工作压力，采用流行病学调查抑郁量表（CES-D）测量抑郁症状。运用逻辑回归和分层调节多元回归进行分析。
共有1301名参与者完成问卷。CES-D得分达到16.83±8.63，46.2%的参与者有抑郁症状。不同年龄、教育程度和职业状况下，CSE-D得分及抑郁症状发生率存在差异。个人爱好有助于减轻抑郁症状（OR=0.63，95%CI=0.48-0.82）。高社会支持和高回报是抑郁症状的保护因素，OR分别为0.38（95%CI=0.25-0.55）和0.35（95%CI=0.21-0.58）。高过度投入和努力-回报失衡是抑郁症状的危险因素，OR分别为2.72（95%CI=1.76-4.21）和2.77（95%CI=1.09-7.05）。努力-回报失衡模型在预测抑郁症状方面比工作需求-控制模型更有效。
努力-回报失衡和高过度投入是抑郁症状的危险因素，更多的社会支持和拥有爱好是抑郁症状的保护因素。
