Gu Zhi-Hui, Qiu Tian, Tian Fang-Qiong, Yang Shi-Han, Wu Hui
Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110000, People's Republic of China.
Psychol Res Behav Manag. 2020 Jan 28;13:97-104. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S232635. eCollection 2020.
The objective of this study was to explore the association between perceived organizational support (POS) and depressive symptoms, and to further explore whether self-efficacy can act as a moderator between POS and depressive symptoms among Chinese petroleum workers.
There was a cross-sectional study conducted at a petrochemical enterprise in Liaoning Province, China, from July to August 2018. A series of questionnaires were accomplished by 1836 petroleum workers, including the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Survey of Perceived Organizational Support (SPOS), and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES). Hierarchical regression analysis was used to examine the relationship of SPOS score, GSES score, and SPOS score×GSES score interaction with CES-D score. A simple slope analysis will be carried out if the interaction has statistical significance.
Hierarchical regression analysis showed that SPOS score (=-0.538, <0.01) and GSES score (=-0.313, <0.01) played a main influence on CES-D score. The SPOS score×GSES score interaction term significantly explained an extra 9.7% of the variance (=253.932, adjusted =0.582, Δ =0.097, <0.01). The interaction term was positively correlated with CES-D score (=0.334, <0.01). The relationship between SPOS score and CES-D score gradually decreased in the low (1 SD below the mean, =-0.589, <0.01), mean (=-0.338, <0.01), and high (1 SD above the mean, =-0.087, <0.01) groups of GSES score.
This study showed that POS and self-efficacy played a main influence on depressive symptoms, and the interaction term was positively correlated with depressive symptoms. Self-efficacy could attenuate the association between POS and depressive symptoms. It suggests that appropriate POS and self-efficacy enhancement measures ought to be supplied to relieve depressive symptoms.
本研究旨在探讨员工感知到的组织支持（POS）与抑郁症状之间的关联，并进一步探究自我效能感是否能在中国石油工人中作为POS与抑郁症状之间的调节变量。
2018年7月至8月在中国辽宁省的一家石化企业进行了一项横断面研究。1836名石油工人完成了一系列问卷，包括流行病学研究中心抑郁量表（CES-D）、感知组织支持量表（SPOS）和一般自我效能量表（GSES）。采用分层回归分析来检验SPOS得分、GSES得分以及SPOS得分×GSES得分的交互作用与CES-D得分之间的关系。如果交互作用具有统计学意义，则进行简单斜率分析。
分层回归分析表明，SPOS得分（β=-0.538，P<0.01）和GSES得分（β=-0.313，P<0.01）对CES-D得分有主要影响。SPOS得分×GSES得分的交互项显著解释了额外9.7%的方差变异（F=253.932，调整后R²=0.582，ΔR²=0.097，P<0.01）。交互项与CES-D得分呈正相关（β=0.334，P<0.01）。在GSES得分低（低于均值1个标准差，β=-0.589，P<0.01）、中等（β=-0.338，P<0.01）和高（高于均值1个标准差，β=-0.087，P<0.01）组中，SPOS得分与CES-D得分之间的关系逐渐减弱。
本研究表明，POS和自我效能感对抑郁症状有主要影响，且交互项与抑郁症状呈正相关。自我效能感可以减弱POS与抑郁症状之间的关联。这表明应该提供适当的POS和自我效能感增强措施来缓解抑郁症状。
