Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 301 Funchess Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 38649, USA.
J Econ Entomol. 2010 Jun;103(3):744-53. doi: 10.1603/ec09405.
The plum curculio, Conotrachelus nenuphar (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), is a key pest of peaches, Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, in North America. We evaluated the effectiveness of two widely used trap types (pyramid versus Circle traps) and commercially available synthetic lures for monitoring the pest in two peach orchards in Alabama during 2008 and 2009. The lures evaluated alone or in combinations included benzaldehyde (BZ) (a component of fruit odor), plum essence (PE) (a mixture of fruit odor extracted from food grade plum), and grandisoic acid (GA) (a male-produced aggregation pheromone of plum curculio). In general, pyramid traps captured more plum curculio adults than Circle traps, particularly during the first generation. Trap performance was improved numerically by the addition of BZ, PE, or GA alone (single lures) and was significantly enhanced by the addition of the combined BZ + PE lure. In both first and second generations, the combined BZ + PE lure increased plum curculio captures (significant in some trials) over unbaited traps and traps baited with single lures by approximately 1.5-21-fold and had the highest response indices (RIs), which is indicative of high attractiveness. The combined BZ + GA lure and the three-component BZ + PE + GA lure also captured numerically more plum curculio adults than unbaited traps or traps baited with single lures but the differences were rarely significant. Analysis of ratios of interaction suggests the possibility of synergistic interactions between BZ and PE and between BZ and GA; however, additive effects were concluded due to high sample errors. These results are discussed in relation to the physicochemical properties of the lures and the potential of using baited monitoring traps to aid plum curculio management decisions in peach orchards.
李实蜂，Conotrachelus nenuphar（ Herbst）（鞘翅目： Curculionidae），是北美桃树上的一种重要害虫。我们在 2008 年和 2009 年期间在阿拉巴马州的两个桃园评估了两种广泛使用的诱捕器类型（金字塔诱捕器与圆形诱捕器）和市售合成诱饵监测该害虫的效果。评估的诱饵单独或组合使用包括苯甲醛（BZ）（水果气味的一种成分）、李实香精（PE）（从食品级李中提取的水果气味混合物）和大根香叶酸（GA）（李实蜂雄虫产生的聚集信息素）。一般来说，金字塔诱捕器比圆形诱捕器捕获的李实蜂成虫更多，尤其是在第一代。单独使用 BZ、PE 或 GA（单一诱饵）可在数值上提高诱捕器性能，并且添加 BZ + PE 混合诱饵可显著提高诱捕器性能。在第一代和第二代中，添加 BZ + PE 混合诱饵可显著提高（某些试验中）诱捕器的李实蜂捕获量，比不添加诱饵和仅添加单一诱饵的诱捕器分别提高约 1.5-21 倍，并且具有最高的反应指数（RI），这表明其具有很高的吸引力。添加 BZ + GA 混合诱饵和三成分 BZ + PE + GA 混合诱饵的诱捕器捕获的李实蜂成虫数量也多于不添加诱饵和仅添加单一诱饵的诱捕器，但差异很少具有统计学意义。相互作用比的分析表明 BZ 和 PE 之间以及 BZ 和 GA 之间可能存在协同作用；然而，由于样本误差较高，因此得出了相加效应的结论。这些结果与诱饵的物理化学性质以及使用诱捕监测器协助桃树李实蜂管理决策的潜力有关。
