Pompeu Fabra University, Department of Experimental and Life Sciences, Cell Biology Unit, CIBERNED, Dr. Aiguader 88, Barcelona, Spain.
Exp Cell Res. 2010 Nov 1;316(18):3050-8. doi: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.05.035. Epub 2010 Jun 4.
In response to skeletal muscle injury, distinct cellular pathways are activated to repair the damaged tissue. Activation and restriction of these pathways must be temporally coordinated in a precise sequence as regeneration progresses if muscle integrity and homeostasis are to be restored. However, if tissue injury persists, as in severe muscular dystrophies, the repair process becomes uncontrolled leading to the substitution of myofibers by a non-functional mass of fibrotic tissue. In this review, we provide an overview of how muscle responds to damage and aging, with special emphasis on the cellular effectors and the regulatory and inflammatory pathways that can shift normal muscle repair to fibrosis development.
针对骨骼肌损伤，不同的细胞通路被激活以修复受损组织。如果要恢复肌肉的完整性和内稳态，则必须在再生过程中按精确顺序在时间上协调这些途径的激活和限制。但是，如果组织损伤持续存在，如在严重的肌肉营养不良中，则修复过程变得不受控制，导致肌纤维被无功能的纤维组织块替代。在这篇综述中，我们概述了肌肉对损伤和衰老的反应，特别强调了可以将正常的肌肉修复转变为纤维化发展的细胞效应物以及调节和炎症途径。
