[Special problems of asthma bronchiale in childhood (author's transl)].

Asthma bronchiale is one of the most common chronic diseases in childhood. The hyperreactivity of the bronchial system, the stimulation of the cholinergic receptors and the blockade of the beta-adrenergic receptors in the bronchial mucosa play a predominant role in the pathogenesis. These proceedings cause bronchial smooth muscle contraction in the larger airways and mucosal edema and mucus hypersecretion in the smaller airways. The diagnosis may be made on the basis of the recurring signs: cough, wheezing, and labored breathing with prolonged expiration. Asthma may be treated by therapy directed at its cause and if necessary by bronchodilators, mucolytic agents and corticosteroids.