Biglan A, Glasgow R E
Oregon Research Institute, Eugene 97401.
Prev Med. 1991 Mar;20(2):292-305. doi: 10.1016/0091-7435(91)90028-3.
The research phases defined by the National Cancer Institute have prompted behavioral scientists to focus research on decreasing cancer risk behaviors. However, most of the work thus far has focused on the effects of interventions on individuals' behavior. Further progress may require that we also go through similar research phases with larger social units, such as worksites, health care organizations, and communities as the research targets. Research on larger social units is needed to: (a) disseminate interventions that have been shown to affect individuals' cancer risk; (b) sustain the effects of cancer control interventions; and (c) modify practices of larger social units which affect individuals' cancer risk. This article provides examples of how the research phase scheme can be applied productively to larger social units.
美国国立癌症研究所定义的研究阶段促使行为科学家将研究重点放在降低癌症风险行为上。然而，迄今为止，大部分工作都集中在干预措施对个体行为的影响上。要取得进一步进展，可能需要我们以更大的社会单位，如工作场所、医疗保健组织和社区为研究对象，经历类似的研究阶段。对更大社会单位进行研究的必要性在于：(a) 推广已被证明能影响个体癌症风险的干预措施；(b) 维持癌症控制干预措施的效果；(c) 改变影响个体癌症风险的更大社会单位的做法。本文提供了一些示例，说明研究阶段方案如何能有效地应用于更大的社会单位。
