College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA.
Pharmacotherapy. 2010 Jul;30(7 Pt 2):51S-4S. doi: 10.1592/phco.30.pt2.51S.
The development of new treatments for acute stroke has been fraught with costly and spectacularly disappointing failures. Repurposing of drugs already known to be safe provides a lower risk alternative. Investigators are using drug repurposing, in which marketed drugs are exploited for their secondary activity, to pursue agents that have multiple mechanisms of action, including vascular protection. Protecting the ischemic vasculature is likely to promote neuronal recovery and have long-lasting benefits for patients with stroke. Currently, reperfusion with drugs or devices and acute aspirin therapy are used clinically to reduce disability due to ischemic stroke. In the future, drugs such as statins, angiotensin II receptor blockers, minocycline, and growth factors such as erythropoietin may be used. In fact, vascular protection with the angiotensin II receptor blocker candesartan has already been demonstrated in a clinical trial of acute ischemic stroke.
新的急性中风治疗方法的开发充满了昂贵和令人失望的失败。重新利用已经被证明是安全的药物提供了一种风险较低的选择。研究人员正在利用药物再利用，即利用已上市药物的次要活性来寻找具有多种作用机制的药物，包括血管保护。保护缺血性血管可能会促进神经元恢复，并为中风患者带来长期益处。目前，临床上使用再灌注药物或设备和急性阿司匹林治疗来减少因缺血性中风导致的残疾。在未来，可能会使用他汀类药物、血管紧张素 II 受体阻滞剂、米诺环素和促红细胞生成素等生长因子等药物。事实上，血管紧张素 II 受体阻滞剂坎地沙坦在急性缺血性中风的临床试验中已经证明了其具有血管保护作用。
