Medical Research Council Social and Public Health Sciences Unit, Glasgow, UK.
Ann Epidemiol. 2010 Sep;20(9):661-9. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.03.014. Epub 2010 Jun 26.
To examine the association of leisure time physical activity, walking pace and resting heart rate with disease-specific mortality in a prospective cohort study by reporting updated analyses of an earlier report we produced with the British epidemiologist, Jerry N. Morris (1910-2009).
In the original Whitehall study, 19,019 male, nonindustrial, London-based government employees, aged from 40 to 69 years in 1967 and 1970, participated in a medical examination during which data on leisure time physical activity (N = 6715), self-rated walking pace (N = 6729), and resting heart rate (N = 1183) were collected. Cox proportional hazards analyses were used to estimate hazard ratios for the relation between these exposures and disease-specific mortality.
In models adjusted for a range of covariates including socioeconomic status, smoking, and obesity, high resting heart rate was associated with a modestly elevated rate of mortality from all causes (hazard ratio; 95% confidence interval: tertile 3 vs. tertile 1: 1.17; 0.99, 1.37 p[trend]: 0.07) and respiratory disease (1.69; 1.04, 2.76 p[trend]: 0.03). Of the two markers of physical activity, walking pace was inversely related to mortality ascribed to all causes (slow vs. high walking pace 1.71; 1.53, 1.91 p[trend]: <0.001]), coronary heart disease (2.03; 1.68, 2.47 p[trend]: <0.001), and total cancers (1.25; 0.98, 1.59 p[trend]: 0.04). The corresponding associations for leisure time activity were typically weaker. For other mortality endpoints-respiratory disease (walking pace: 1.96; 1.48, 2.60 p[trend]: <0.001]), hematopoietic cancer (walking pace: 1.36; 0.52, 3.51 p[trend]: 0.03), stomach cancer (inactive versus active leisure time: 1.53; 0.88, 2.64 p[trend]: 0.04), and rectal cancer (walking pace: 4.85; 1.70, 13.8 p[trend]: 0.007)-individual activity indices revealed effects, but not both.
Higher levels of physical activity indexed by the various markers herein appeared to confer protection against a range of mortality outcomes.
通过报告我们与英国流行病学家 Jerry N. Morris（1910-2009）之前的报告的更新分析，在一项前瞻性队列研究中，检查休闲时间体力活动、步行速度和静息心率与特定疾病死亡率之间的关联。
在最初的 Whitehall 研究中，19019 名非工业性、居住在伦敦的男性政府雇员于 1967 年和 1970 年年龄在 40 至 69 岁之间参加了一项医学检查，在此期间收集了关于休闲时间体力活动（N=6715）、自我评估的步行速度（N=6729）和静息心率（N=1183）的数据。使用 Cox 比例风险分析来估计这些暴露与特定疾病死亡率之间的关系的风险比。
在调整了一系列协变量（包括社会经济地位、吸烟和肥胖）的模型中，高静息心率与所有原因导致的死亡率略有升高相关（风险比；95%置信区间：第 3 三分位与第 1 三分位：1.17；0.99，1.37 p[趋势]：0.07）和呼吸道疾病（1.69；1.04，2.76 p[趋势]：0.03）。在两种体力活动标志物中，步行速度与归因于所有原因的死亡率呈反比（慢步行速度与高步行速度 1.71；1.53，1.91 p[趋势]：<0.001]）、冠心病（2.03；1.68，2.47 p[趋势]：<0.001）和总癌症（1.25；0.98，1.59 p[趋势]：0.04）。休闲时间活动的相应关联通常较弱。对于其他死亡率终点-呼吸道疾病（步行速度：1.96；1.48，2.60 p[趋势]：<0.001]）、造血癌（步行速度：1.36；0.52，3.51 p[趋势]：0.03）、胃癌（不活跃与活跃休闲时间：1.53；0.88，2.64 p[趋势]：0.04）和直肠癌（步行速度：4.85；1.70，13.8 p[趋势]：0.007）-个体活动指数显示出影响，但不是两者都有。
通过本文所述的各种标志物衡量的更高水平的体力活动似乎可以预防一系列死亡率结果。
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