Hill J O, Peters J C, Reed G W, Schlundt D G, Sharp T, Greene H L
Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1991 Jul;54(1):10-7. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/54.1.10.
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of alterations in diet composition on energy expenditure and nutrient balance in humans. Eight adults (three men, five women) ate a high-carbohydrate (60% of calories from carbohydrate) and a high-fat (60% of calories from fat) diet for 7 d each according to a randomized, crossover design. Six subjects were studied for an additional week on a mixed diet (45% of calories from fat). For each subject, total caloric intake was identical on all diets and was intended to provide the subject's maintenance energy requirements. All subjects spent days 3 and 7 of each week in a whole-room indirect calorimeter. Diet composition did not affect total daily energy expenditure but did affect daily nutrient oxidation by rapidly shifting substrate oxidation to more closely reflect the composition of the diet. These results show that diet composition can affect substrate oxidation without producing measurable effects on total energy expenditure.
本研究的目的是检验饮食成分改变对人体能量消耗和营养平衡的影响。八名成年人（三名男性，五名女性）按照随机交叉设计，分别食用高碳水化合物饮食（碳水化合物提供60%的热量）和高脂肪饮食（脂肪提供60%的热量），每种饮食持续7天。六名受试者在混合饮食（脂肪提供45%的热量）下额外研究了一周。对于每名受试者，所有饮食的总热量摄入相同，旨在满足受试者的维持能量需求。所有受试者在每周的第3天和第7天待在全室间接热量计中。饮食成分不影响每日总能量消耗，但通过迅速改变底物氧化，使其更紧密地反映饮食组成，从而影响每日营养物质氧化。这些结果表明，饮食成分可影响底物氧化，而对总能量消耗无显著影响。
