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未来的人道主义危机:实践、政策和公共卫生面临的挑战。

Future humanitarian crises: challenges for practice, policy, and public health.

出版信息

Prehosp Disaster Med. 2010 May-Jun;25(3):191-9. doi: 10.1017/s1049023x00007998.

DOI:10.1017/s1049023x00007998
PMID:20586007
Abstract

After more than three decades of preoccupation with wars and internal political conflicts, the humanitarian community has the opportunity to reevaluate what humanitarian crises will dominate both policy and practice in the future. In reality, these crises are already active and some are over the tipping point of recovery. These crises share the common thread of being major public health emergencies which, with a preponderance of excess or indirect mortality and morbidity dominating the consequences, requires new approaches, including unprecedented improvements and alterations in education, training, research, strategic planning, and policy and treaty agendas. Unfortunately, political solutions offered up to date are nation-state centric and miss opportunities to provide what must be global solutions. Public health, redefined as the infrastructure and systems necessary to allow communities, urban settings, and nation-states to provide physical and social protections to their populations has become an essential element of all disciplines from medicine, engineering, law, social sciences, and economics. Public health, which must be recognized as a strategic and security issue should take precedence over politics at every level, not be driven by political motives, and be globally monitored.

摘要

经过三十多年对战争和内部政治冲突的关注,人道主义界有机会重新评估未来将主导政策和实践的人道主义危机。实际上,这些危机已经很活跃,其中一些已经超过了恢复的临界点。这些危机的共同点是主要的公共卫生紧急情况,其后果以过多或间接的死亡率和发病率为主,需要新的方法,包括在教育、培训、研究、战略规划以及政策和条约议程方面进行前所未有的改进和改变。不幸的是,迄今为止提供的政治解决方案以国家为中心,错过了提供全球解决方案的机会。重新定义为提供社区、城市环境和国家提供对其人口的身体和社会保护所需的基础设施和系统的公共卫生已成为医学、工程、法律、社会科学和经济学等所有学科的基本要素。公共卫生必须被视为一个战略和安全问题,应该优先于各级政治,不受政治动机驱动,并受到全球监测。

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