[Organization and regulation of nucleocytoplasmic transport].

Separation of processes of DNA replication and transcription from protein synthesis, which occurs in eukaryotic cells, allows more precise control over these processes. Selective exchange of macromolecules between these two compartments is mediated by proteins of nuclear pore complex (NPC). Receptor proteins of karyopherin family interact with NPC components and transfer their cargos between nucleus and cytoplasm. Nucleocytoplasmic transport pathways are regulated on multiple levels by modulating the expression or function of single cargoes, transport receptors, or the transport channel. These levels of regulation have increasingly broad effects on transport pathways, and affect a wide range of processes, from gene expression to development and differentiation.