注意差距：MIND（心理健康）运动与智力测量的陷阱。
Mind the gap: MIND, the mental hygiene movement and the trapdoor in measurements of intellect.
机构信息
Centre for the History of Medicine, University of Warwick, Warwick, UK.
出版信息
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2010 Mar;54 Suppl 1(0 1):16-27. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2788.2009.01234.x.
BACKGROUND
The National Association for Mental Health adopted the 'brand name' MIND as part of its transformation into a campaigning pressure group at the turn of the 1970s. This article examines the historical antecedents to key statements made by the organisation at this time regarding the relationship of mental health with, what was then called, 'mental handicap'.
METHODS
The National Association is placed within the historical context of the movement for mental hygiene. The article traces how the movement theorised mental health as critically related to intellect and emotionality.
RESULTS
The movement relegated people deemed 'mentally deficient' from therapeutic policies based on family relationships believed to promote mental health. However, a late 1950s experiment known as the Brooklands study subverted this discrimination. This was paradoxical since it built on mental hygiene theorising.
CONCLUSIONS
Theorisations of the relationship between intellect, emotion and mental health are still potentially discriminatory.
背景
20 世纪 70 年代初，全国心理健康协会（National Association for Mental Health）更名为“MIND”，以此作为其转型为激进压力团体的一部分。本文考察了该组织当时在心理健康与当时所谓的“精神障碍”之间关系方面发表的重要声明的历史渊源。
方法
将全国协会置于精神卫生运动的历史背景下。本文追溯了该运动如何将心理健康理论化为与智力和情感密切相关。
结果
该运动将被认为“智力低下”的人排除在基于家庭关系的治疗政策之外，因为这些政策被认为有助于促进心理健康。然而，20 世纪 50 年代末的一项名为布鲁克兰研究（Brooklands study）的实验颠覆了这种歧视。这是矛盾的，因为它建立在精神卫生理论的基础上。
结论
智力、情感和心理健康之间关系的理论化仍然存在潜在的歧视。
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