Department of Ophthalmology, Aichi Medical University, Aichi, Japan.
Ophthalmology. 2010 Nov;117(11):2229-32. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.02.018. Epub 2010 Jul 1.
To examine Müller's muscle's horizontal extensions in relation to the peribulbar smooth muscle network.
Observational anatomic study.
Twenty postmortem orbits (10 right, 10 left) of 15 Asians (8 males, 7 females; age range at death, 61-93 years; mean age, 78.4 years) fixed in 10% buffered formalin.
After performing a full-thickness 360° incision of the periosteum around the circumference of the orbit, the periosteum was elevated and finally detached near to the orbital apex. Nerves, blood vessels, and the nasolacrimal duct arising from the orbital wall were cut. The lateral orbital wall then was removed at approximately 3 cm posterior to the orbital rim and the retrobulbar content was incised with a sharp scalpel in a coronal plane. The removed orbital content was incised at a plane passing from a point located 15 mm superior to the upper eyelid margin and the globe equator at 3- and 9-o'clock areas. The sliced specimens were dehydrated and embedded in paraffin, cut into 7-μm thickness sections, and then stained with Masson trichrome.
The medial and lateral extensions of Müller's muscle in relation to the peribulbar smooth muscle network.
In all specimens, Müller's muscle extended medially and laterally. The medial extension reached the medial rectus muscle pulley, which is rich in smooth muscle fibers. The lateral extension reached the lateral rectus muscle pulley by passing through the lacrimal gland fascia of the palpebral lobe, in which 12 specimens also showed a direct extension to the lateral rectus muscle pulley in the posterior part.
Müller's muscle has a medial and a lateral extension to the peribulbar smooth muscle network. These new findings indicated that Müller's muscle is not an independent structure in the upper eyelid, but rather a component of the peribulbar smooth muscle network.
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.
研究眼外肌平滑肌网络与 Müller 肌的水平延伸之间的关系。
观察性解剖研究。
20 例（10 例右眼，10 例左眼）来自 15 名亚洲人（8 名男性，7 名女性；死亡时年龄 61-93 岁，平均年龄 78.4 岁）的死后眼眶（10%缓冲福尔马林固定）。
在眼眶周围进行全层 360°骨膜切开后，将骨膜提起，最后在眶尖附近分离。切断来自眶壁的神经、血管和鼻泪管。然后从眶缘后约 3cm 处切除外侧眶壁，并在冠状面用锋利的手术刀切开眶内容物。取出的眶内容物在从位于上眼睑缘上方 15mm 处和 3-9 点钟区域的眼球赤道处的点穿过的平面上进行切开。切片标本经脱水、石蜡包埋、切成 7μm 厚的切片，然后用 Masson 三色染色。
Müller 肌与眼外肌平滑肌网络的内侧和外侧延伸。
在所有标本中，Müller 肌均向内侧和外侧延伸。内侧延伸到达富含平滑肌纤维的内直肌滑车。外侧延伸通过穿过睑板叶的泪腺筋膜到达外直肌滑车，其中 12 个标本在后部还显示出直接延伸到外直肌滑车。
Müller 肌向眼外肌平滑肌网络的内侧和外侧延伸。这些新发现表明 Müller 肌不是上眼睑的独立结构，而是眼外肌平滑肌网络的一部分。
作者（们）对本文讨论的任何材料均无专有权或商业利益。
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