Macdonald R L, Barker J L
Science. 1978 May 19;200(4343):775-7. doi: 10.1126/science.205953.
Barbiturate anesthetics, but not anticonvulsants, abolish the spontaneous activity of cultured spinal cord neurons; directly increase membrane conductance, an effect which is suppressed by the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) antagonists picrotoxin and penicillin; and are more potent than anticonvulsants in augmenting GABA and depressing glutamate responses. Barbiturate anticonvulsants abolish picrotoxin-induced convulsive activity. These results indicate qualitative and quantitative differences between anesthetic and anticonvulsant barbiturates, which may explain their different clinical effects.
巴比妥类麻醉剂而非抗惊厥药可消除培养的脊髓神经元的自发活动；直接增加膜电导，γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）拮抗剂印防己毒素和青霉素可抑制这一效应；在增强GABA反应和抑制谷氨酸反应方面，巴比妥类麻醉剂比抗惊厥药更有效。巴比妥类抗惊厥药可消除印防己毒素诱发的惊厥活动。这些结果表明麻醉性和抗惊厥性巴比妥类药物在性质和数量上存在差异，这可能解释了它们不同的临床效果。
