Metabolic Diseases Unit, Second Medical Department, Aristotle University, Thessaloniki, Greece.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2010 Feb;29(1):41-5. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2010.10719815.
Obesity is a rapidly expanding epidemic in Western societies, with rates of more than 30% across Europe, and it is associated with an increased risk of metabolic disturbances. Previous reports have documented an association of reduced physical activity and abstinence from the traditional Mediterranean diet (MD) with increased mortality rate and prevalence of obesity in a population of Greek subjects.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate and analyze the dietary habits in a population of Greek overweight and obese subjects and to investigate the potential associations between those patterns and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome components.
The study recruited 226 consecutive adult (30 men, 169 women) overweight or obese (body mass index >25 kg/m(2)) individuals attending the Metabolic Diseases Unit. Medical history, dietary history, and anthropometric parameters were recorded during the first visit. Fasting blood samples were collected for biochemistry assaying.
According to the nutrient intake history and Mediterranean Diet Scale (MDS), participants were divided into 3 groups: those adhering to the MD and those not following the MD, who were further subdivided into the high-carbohydrate (HC) and high-fat (HF) diet groups according to the source of maximum energy intake. Adherence to the MD was associated with a lower prevalence of metabolic syndrome (27.3%, 69.2%, and 60.4% in MD, HC, and HF respectively, p = 0.006), lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (p = 0.009, MD vs. HF), and lower postchallenge glucose values (p = 0.028, MD vs. HF).
Adherence to the MD seems to be declining among Greek overweight and obese subjects, a phenomenon that is associated with an increase in the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome.
肥胖是西方社会迅速蔓延的流行病，欧洲的肥胖率超过 30%，它与代谢紊乱的风险增加有关。以前的报告记录了减少体力活动和戒除传统地中海饮食（MD）与希腊人群的死亡率和肥胖患病率增加之间的关联。
本研究的目的是评估和分析希腊超重和肥胖人群的饮食习惯，并研究这些模式与代谢综合征成分的患病率之间的潜在关联。
该研究招募了 226 名连续的超重或肥胖（体重指数>25 kg/m(2))成年（30 名男性，169 名女性）患者，他们在代谢疾病科就诊。在第一次就诊时记录了病史、饮食史和人体测量参数。采集空腹血样进行生物化学检测。
根据营养素摄入史和地中海饮食量表（MDS），将参与者分为 3 组：遵守 MD 的人和不遵守 MD 的人，根据最大能量摄入的来源，不遵守 MD 的人进一步分为高碳水化合物（HC）和高脂肪（HF）饮食组。遵守 MD 与代谢综合征的患病率较低相关（MD、HC 和 HF 组分别为 27.3%、69.2%和 60.4%，p = 0.006），低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平较低（p = 0.009，MD 与 HF 相比），以及餐后葡萄糖值较低（p = 0.028，MD 与 HF 相比）。
在希腊超重和肥胖人群中，遵守 MD 的现象似乎正在下降，这种现象与代谢综合征的患病率增加有关。
