Axen Kathleen V, Axen Kenneth
Department of Health and Nutrition Sciences, Brooklyn College of City University of New York, 2900 Bedford Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11210, USA.
Obesity (Silver Spring). 2006 Aug;14(8):1344-52. doi: 10.1038/oby.2006.152.
The effects of a very low-carbohydrate (VLC), high-fat (HF) dietary regimen on metabolic syndrome were compared with those of an isocaloric high-carbohydrate (HC), low-fat (LF) regimen in dietary obese rats.
Male Sprague-Dawley rats, made obese by 8 weeks ad libitum consumption of an HF diet, developed features of the metabolic syndrome vs. lean control (C) rats, including greater visceral, subcutaneous, and hepatic fat masses, elevated plasma cholesterol levels, impaired glucose tolerance, and fasting and post-load insulin resistance. Half of the obese rats (VLC) were then fed a popular VLC-HF diet (Weeks 9 and 10 at 5% and Weeks 11 to 14 at 15% carbohydrate), and one-half (HC) were pair-fed an HC-LF diet (Weeks 9 to 14 at 60% carbohydrate).
Energy intakes of pair-fed VLC and HC rats were less than C rats throughout Weeks 9 to 14. Compared with HC rats, VLC rats exhibited impaired insulin and glycemic responses to an intraperitoneal glucose load at Week 10 and lower plasma triacylglycerol levels but retarded loss of hepatic, retroperitoneal, and total body fat at Week 14. VLC, HC, and C rats no longer differed in body weight, plasma cholesterol, glucose tolerance, or fasting insulin resistance at Week 14. Progressive decreases in fasting insulin resistance in obese groups paralleled concomitant reductions in hepatic, retroperitoneal, and total body fat.
When energy intake was matched, the VLC-HF diet provided no advantage in weight loss or in improving those components of the metabolic syndrome induced by dietary obesity and may delay loss of hepatic and visceral fat as compared with an HC-LF diet.
在饮食诱导肥胖的大鼠中，比较极低碳水化合物（VLC）、高脂肪（HF）饮食方案与等热量的高碳水化合物（HC）、低脂肪（LF）饮食方案对代谢综合征的影响。
雄性斯普拉格-道利大鼠，通过随意进食8周的高脂肪饮食而变得肥胖，与瘦的对照（C）大鼠相比，出现了代谢综合征的特征，包括更多的内脏、皮下和肝脏脂肪量、血浆胆固醇水平升高、葡萄糖耐量受损以及空腹和负荷后胰岛素抵抗。然后，将一半肥胖大鼠（VLC组）喂食一种流行的VLC-HF饮食（第9周和第10周碳水化合物含量为5%，第11至14周为15%），另一半（HC组）配对喂食HC-LF饮食（第9至14周碳水化合物含量为60%）。
在第9至14周期间，配对喂食的VLC组和HC组大鼠的能量摄入量均低于C组大鼠。与HC组大鼠相比，VLC组大鼠在第10周时对腹腔内葡萄糖负荷的胰岛素和血糖反应受损，血浆三酰甘油水平较低，但在第14周时肝脏、腹膜后和全身脂肪的减少速度较慢。在第14周时，VLC组、HC组和C组大鼠的体重、血浆胆固醇、葡萄糖耐量或空腹胰岛素抵抗不再有差异。肥胖组空腹胰岛素抵抗的逐渐降低与肝脏、腹膜后和全身脂肪的相应减少平行。
当能量摄入相匹配时，与HC-LF饮食相比，VLC-HF饮食在减肥或改善饮食性肥胖诱导的代谢综合征的这些组成部分方面没有优势，并且可能会延迟肝脏和内脏脂肪的减少。
