University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Stroke. 2010 Aug;41(8):e519-36. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.110.581975. Epub 2010 Jul 1.
Aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) is a medical emergency characterized by the accumulation of blood in the subarachnoid space surrounding the brain. The acute treatment of aSAH is well documented but less is known about the long-term effects of aSAH on cognition and day-to-day functioning.
We reviewed all studies in the past 10 years that have focused on the effects of aSAH on cognition and day-to-day functioning.
Sixty-one empirical studies examining cognitive and functional outcome in patients with aSAH met inclusion criteria. Survivors of aSAH commonly experience deficits in memory, executive function, and language. These cognitive impairments interact to affect patients' day-to-day functioning, including activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living, return to work, and quality of life. Deficits in cognition and day-to-day functioning are further compounded by depression, anxiety, fatigue, and sleep disturbances.
Much remains to be learned about the brain changes underlying cognitive and functional deficits, including the role of diffuse brain damage and secondary complications like vasospasm and elevated intracranial pressure. A consideration of these issues is necessary to obtain a better understanding of how aSAH affects cognition and day-to-day functioning in the long-term.
蛛网膜下腔出血（aSAH）是一种医学急症，其特征是血液在围绕大脑的蛛网膜下腔积聚。aSAH 的急性治疗已有充分记录，但对 aSAH 对认知和日常功能的长期影响了解较少。
我们回顾了过去 10 年中所有专注于 aSAH 对认知和日常功能影响的研究。
符合纳入标准的有 61 项研究调查了 aSAH 患者的认知和功能结局。aSAH 的幸存者通常会出现记忆、执行功能和语言方面的缺陷。这些认知障碍相互作用，影响患者的日常功能，包括日常生活活动、工具性日常生活活动、重返工作岗位和生活质量。抑郁、焦虑、疲劳和睡眠障碍进一步加剧了认知和日常功能的缺陷。
关于认知和功能缺陷的潜在脑变化，包括弥漫性脑损伤和继发性并发症（如血管痉挛和颅内压升高）的作用，仍有许多需要了解。考虑这些问题对于更好地理解 aSAH 如何对长期的认知和日常功能产生影响是必要的。
