Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Zurich, Switzerland.
Contact Dermatitis. 2010 Jul;63(1):42-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2010.01727.x.
Patch testing detects delayed-type sensitizations and may show changes in prevalence over time.
To compare sensitization prevalence to our baseline series allergens during the years 2000-2004 to results from 1990 to 1994.
We analysed baseline patch test series allergens from 2000 through 2004.
4094 individuals were patch tested to the baseline series (mean age 45.4 years, males 41.7%). The highest sensitization rates were found for nickel sulfate (19.3%), fragrance mix (10.4%) and Myroxylon pereirae (7.8%). Compared to 1990-1994, methylchloroisothiazolinone (and) methylisothiazoline (MCI/MI) and neomycin sulfate sensitization decreased and lanolin alcohol, thiuram mix and ammoniated mercury sensitization increased.
Current sensitization rates are similar to those across Europe. Reduced sensitizations to MCI/MI and neomycin sulfate and increased sensitizations to thiuram mix and ammoniated mercury chloride may well be because of changes in exposure. The current group comprises a higher proportion affected by leg dermatitis and may thus explain the higher sensitization to lanolin alcohol. Comparing patch results over time shows important changes in sensitization prevalence.
斑贴试验可检测迟发型过敏反应，并可显示随时间推移的患病率变化。
将 2000-2004 年与 1990-1994 年相比，比较对我们基线系列变应原的致敏率。
我们分析了 2000 年至 2004 年的基线斑贴试验系列变应原。
对 4094 例个体进行了基线系列斑贴试验（平均年龄 45.4 岁，男性占 41.7％）。硫酸镍（19.3％）、香薰混合剂（10.4％）和秘鲁香脂（7.8％）的致敏率最高。与 1990-1994 年相比，甲基氯异噻唑啉酮（和）甲基异噻唑啉酮（MCI/MI）和硫酸新霉素的致敏率降低，羊毛脂醇、硫柳汞混合物和氨化汞的致敏率增加。
目前的致敏率与欧洲的相似。对 MCI/MI 和硫酸新霉素的致敏减少，对硫柳汞混合物和氨化汞的致敏增加，可能是由于接触方式的改变。目前的患者群体中受腿部皮炎影响的比例更高，这也可以解释对羊毛脂醇的高致敏率。随着时间的推移比较斑贴试验结果显示出致敏率的重要变化。
