经颅磁刺激在认知神经科学中的应用：方法学问题的新综合。

The use of transcranial magnetic stimulation in cognitive neuroscience: a new synthesis of methodological issues.

机构信息

Human Cortical Physiology and Stroke Neurorehabilitation Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

出版信息

Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2011 Jan;35(3):516-36. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.06.005. Epub 2010 Jun 25.

DOI:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2010.06.005

PMID:20599555

Abstract

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has become a mainstay of cognitive neuroscience, thus facing new challenges due to its widespread application on behaviorally silent areas. In this review we will summarize the main technical and methodological considerations that are necessary when using TMS in cognitive neuroscience, based on a corpus of studies and technical improvements that has become available in most recent years. Although TMS has been applied only relatively recently on a large scale to the study of higher functions, a range of protocols that elucidate how this technique can be used to investigate a variety of issues is already available, such as single pulse, paired pulse, dual-site, repetitive and theta burst TMS. Finally, we will touch on recent promising approaches that provide powerful new insights about causal interactions among brain regions (i.e., TMS with other neuroimaging techniques) and will enable researchers to enhance the functional resolution of TMS (i.e., state-dependent TMS). We will end by briefly summarizing and discussing the implications of the newest safety guidelines.

摘要

经颅磁刺激（TMS）已成为认知神经科学的主要手段，因此由于其在行为沉默区域的广泛应用，面临着新的挑战。在这篇综述中，我们将根据近年来获得的研究和技术改进的主要内容，总结在认知神经科学中使用 TMS 时需要考虑的主要技术和方法问题。尽管 TMS 仅在最近几年才大规模应用于高级功能的研究，但已经有一系列方案阐明了如何使用该技术来研究各种问题，例如单脉冲、双脉冲、双部位、重复和 theta 突发 TMS。最后，我们将讨论最近有前途的方法，这些方法为脑区之间的因果相互作用提供了有力的新见解（即 TMS 与其他神经影像学技术相结合），并使研究人员能够提高 TMS 的功能分辨率（即状态依赖 TMS）。最后，我们将简要总结和讨论最新安全指南的影响。