Streng Andrea, Seeger Karin, Grote Veit, Liese Johannes G
University Children's Hospital, Department of Paediatric Infectiology and Immunology, Julius-Maximilians-University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
Vaccine. 2010 Aug 9;28(35):5738-45. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.06.007. Epub 2010 Jun 25.
Since 2004, general varicella vaccination has been recommended for all children 11-14 months of age in Germany. The objective of this study was to examine vaccination coverage in children and factors associated with parental acceptance during the first years after recommendation. In a regional surveillance area, cross-sectional parent surveys were conducted in 2006, 2007 and 2008 in random samples (n=600) of children aged 18-36 months; data were obtained for 372, 364 and 352 children, respectively. Parents were questioned on their child's varicella disease history, and on varicella vaccination status as recorded in the child's vaccination booklet. Overall coverage increased from 38% in 2006 to 51% in 2007 and stagnated at 53% in 2008; in susceptible children (without previous varicella disease until vaccination or time of survey) coverage was 42%, 61% and 59%, respectively. Recommendation by the paediatrician as reported by the parents increased from 48% (2006) to 57% (2007) and 60% (2008), and was the main independent factor associated with parental acceptance. In 32-35% of unvaccinated children parents had not yet decided whether to vaccinate against varicella. Additional programmes targeting paediatricians' and parents' acceptance of varicella vaccination are needed to achieve the WHO-defined goal of at least 85% coverage.
自2004年起，德国建议对所有11至14个月大的儿童进行水痘常规疫苗接种。本研究的目的是调查在建议接种后的头几年里儿童的疫苗接种覆盖率以及与家长接受度相关的因素。在一个区域监测区，于2006年、2007年和2008年对18至36个月大儿童的随机样本（n = 600）进行了横断面家长调查；分别获得了372名、364名和352名儿童的数据。询问家长其孩子的水痘病史以及孩子疫苗接种手册中记录的水痘疫苗接种状况。总体覆盖率从2006年的38%升至2007年的51%，并在2008年停滞在53%；在易感儿童（在接种疫苗或调查时之前无水痘病史）中，覆盖率分别为42%、61%和59%。家长报告的儿科医生建议从48%（2006年）升至57%（2007年）和60%（2008年），并且是与家长接受度相关的主要独立因素。在32%至35%未接种疫苗的儿童中，家长尚未决定是否为孩子接种水痘疫苗。需要开展更多针对儿科医生和家长对水痘疫苗接种接受度的项目，以实现世界卫生组织定义的至少85%覆盖率的目标。
