Division of Waste Science and Technology, Lulea University of Technology, Lulea, Sweden.
Waste Manag Res. 2012 Mar;30(3):285-94. doi: 10.1177/0734242X10375588. Epub 2010 Jul 2.
Many of the characteristics of typical medical waste ash can be found by using ash leaching experiments. The present study investigated the characteristics of fly ash derived from incineration of medical waste in China. The particle diameter of the fly ash was in the range 154-900 μm. Elemental analyses of the fly ash indicated that it contained calcium, aluminium, iron, sodium, potassium and magnesium, and that copper, lead, chromium and mercury were the dominant heavy metals it contained. As leaching time was increased the leaching concentrations of the heavy metals increased and the leaching toxicity was augmented. When the pH was neutral, the concentrations of most heavy metals in the leachate were minimum whereas when the pH was alkali or acid, the leaching toxicity was greatly enhanced. High temperature melting was found to be a good method of fixing heavy metals, and the main components of the sinter were Fe3O4, SiO2, CaSO4 and CaSiO3, etc.
利用灰分浸出实验可以发现典型医疗废物灰分的许多特性。本研究调查了中国医疗废物焚烧产生的飞灰的特性。飞灰的粒径范围在 154-900μm 之间。飞灰的元素分析表明，它含有钙、铝、铁、钠、钾和镁，而铜、铅、铬和汞是其主要重金属。随着浸出时间的增加，重金属的浸出浓度增加，浸出毒性增强。当 pH 值为中性时，浸出液中大多数重金属的浓度最低，而当 pH 值为碱性或酸性时，浸出毒性大大增强。高温熔融被发现是固定重金属的一种很好的方法，烧结的主要成分是 Fe3O4、SiO2、CaSO4 和 CaSiO3 等。
