School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
J Hazard Mater. 2013 Oct 15;261:269-76. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2013.07.038. Epub 2013 Jul 24.
The release of heavy metals in municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) fly ash has become a worrying issue while fly ash is utilized or landfilled. This work investigated the potential mobility of heavy metals in the fly ashes from 15 typical MSWI plants in Chinese mainland by the characterization of distribution, chemical speciation and leaching behavior of heavy metals. The results showed that total content of heavy metals decreased in the order Zn>Pb>Cu>Cr>Ni>Cd in samples. The toxicity characteristics leaching procedure (TCLP) of fly ash indicated that the amount of leached Cd in 67% of samples exceeded the regulated limit. Also, the excess amount of leached Zn and Pb was observed in 40% and 53% of samples, respectively. The chemical speciation analysis revealed that this excess of heavy metal leached in TCLP was contributed to the high content of acid soluble fraction (F1) and reducible fraction (F2) of heavy metal. Moreover, the great positive relevance between leaching behavior of heavy metals and F1 fraction was supported by principal component analysis (PCA). Risk assessment code (RAC) results suggested that Cd and Pb showed a very high risk class to the environment.
在将粉煤灰进行利用或填埋的过程中，城市生活垃圾焚烧（MSWI）飞灰中重金属的释放已成为一个令人担忧的问题。本研究通过对重金属的分布、化学形态和浸出行为的特征描述，调查了中国大陆 15 座典型 MSWI 厂飞灰中重金属的潜在迁移性。结果表明，在所研究的样品中，重金属的总量含量顺序为 Zn>Pb>Cu>Cr>Ni>Cd。毒性特征浸出程序（TCLP）的结果表明，在 67%的样品中，Cd 的浸出量超过了规定的限量。此外，在 40%和 53%的样品中分别观察到 Zn 和 Pb 的浸出量超过了限量。化学形态分析表明，TCLP 中过量的重金属浸出归因于重金属酸可溶部分（F1）和可还原部分（F2）的高含量。此外，主成分分析（PCA）支持重金属浸出行为与 F1 部分之间存在很大的正相关性。风险评估代码（RAC）的结果表明，Cd 和 Pb 对环境具有很高的风险等级。
