Dipartimento di Scienze Pediatriche e dell'adolescenza, Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, Italy.
J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2010 Sep;51(3):353-61. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e3181da213e.
This was a nationwide prospective study carried out in Italy between 2005 and 2007, involving 34 centers with a neonatal intensive care unit. The study reports the Italian Neonatal Study charts for weight, length, and head circumference of singletons born between 23 and 42 gestational weeks, comparing them with previous Italian data and with the most recent data from European countries.
Single live born babies with ultrasound assessment of gestational age within the first trimester, and with both parents of Italian origin. Only fetal hydrops and major congenital anomalies diagnosed at birth were excluded. The reference set consists of 22,087 girls and 23,375 boys.
At each gestational age, boys are heavier than girls by about 4%. Later-born neonates are heavier than firstborn neonates by about 3%. The effects of sex and birth order on length and head circumference are milder. No differences were observed between babies born in central-north Italy and southern Italy. A large variability emerged among European neonatal charts, resulting in huge differences in the percentage of Italian Neonatal Study neonates below the 10th centile, which is traditionally used to define small-for-gestational-age babies. In the last 2 decades prominent changes in the distribution of birth weight emerged in Italy and in the rest of Europe, in both term and preterm neonates.
The existing European neonatal charts, based on more or less recent data, were found to be inappropriate for Italy. Until an international standard is developed, the use of national updated reference charts is recommended.
这是一项于 2005 年至 2007 年在意大利进行的全国性前瞻性研究，涉及 34 个设有新生儿重症监护病房的中心。本研究报告了意大利新生儿研究图表中 23 至 42 孕周单胎新生儿的体重、身长和头围，将其与之前的意大利数据和欧洲国家最近的数据进行了比较。
在妊娠早期接受超声评估且父母双方均为意大利籍的单活产婴儿，排除了出生时诊断为胎儿水肿和严重先天性畸形的婴儿。参考组由 22087 名女孩和 23375 名男孩组成。
在每个胎龄，男孩比女孩重约 4%。晚出生的新生儿比先出生的新生儿重约 3%。性别和出生顺序对身长和头围的影响较轻。出生于意大利中北部和南部的婴儿之间没有差异。欧洲新生儿图表之间存在很大的变异性，导致意大利新生儿研究中低于第 10 百分位数的婴儿比例（传统上用于定义小于胎龄儿）差异巨大。在过去 20 年中，意大利和欧洲其他地区的足月和早产儿的出生体重分布都发生了显著变化。
现有的基于或多或少最新数据的欧洲新生儿图表被发现不适合意大利。在制定国际标准之前，建议使用国家更新的参考图表。
