Department of Prosthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.
Oral Dis. 2010 Oct;16(7):624-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1601-0825.2009.01643.x.
Titanium oxide nanotube layers by anodization have excellent potential for dental implants because of good bone cell promotion. It is necessary to evaluate osteoblast behavior on different annealing temperature titania nanotubes for actual implant designs.
Scanning Electron Microscopy, X-Ray polycrystalline Diffractometer (XRD), X-ray photoelectron Spectroscope, and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the different annealing temperature titania nanotubes. Confocal laser scanning microscopy, MTT, and Alizarin Red-S staining were used to evaluate the MC3T3-E1 preosteoblast behavior on different annealing temperature nanotubes.
The tubular morphology was constant when annealed at 450°C and 550°C, but collapsed when annealed at 650°C. XRD exhibited the crystal form of nanotubes after formation (amorphous), after annealing at 450°C (anatase), and after annealing at 550°C (anatase/rutile). Annealing led to the complete loss of fluorine on nanotubes at 550°C. Average surface roughness of different annealing temperature nanotubes showed no difference by AFM analysis. The proliferation and mineralization of preostoblasts cultured on anatase or anatase/rutile nanotube layers were shown to be significantly higher than smooth, amorphous nanotube layers.
Annealing can change the crystal form and composition of nanotubes. The nanotubes after annealing can promote osteoblast proliferation and mineralization in vitro.
通过阳极氧化形成的氧化钛纳米管层具有良好的骨细胞促进作用，在牙科植入物方面具有巨大潜力。在实际的植入物设计中，需要评估不同退火温度下的氧化钛纳米管对成骨细胞行为的影响。
使用扫描电子显微镜、X 射线多晶衍射仪（XRD）、X 射线光电子能谱仪和原子力显微镜（AFM）对不同退火温度的氧化钛纳米管进行了表征。使用共聚焦激光扫描显微镜、MTT 和茜素红 S 染色来评估 MC3T3-E1 前成骨细胞在不同退火温度纳米管上的行为。
在 450°C 和 550°C 下退火时，管状形态保持不变，但在 650°C 下退火时则坍塌。XRD 显示了纳米管形成后的晶体形式（非晶态）、在 450°C 退火后的晶型（锐钛矿）以及在 550°C 退火后的晶型（锐钛矿/金红石）。在 550°C 退火时，纳米管上的氟完全丢失。AFM 分析显示，不同退火温度纳米管的平均表面粗糙度没有差异。与光滑的非晶态纳米管层相比，培养在锐钛矿或锐钛矿/金红石纳米管层上的前成骨细胞的增殖和矿化明显更高。
退火可以改变纳米管的晶体形态和组成。退火后的纳米管可以在体外促进成骨细胞的增殖和矿化。
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