Division of Nephrology, Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th Street, PH4-124, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Nat Rev Nephrol. 2010 Aug;6(8):480-92. doi: 10.1038/nrneph.2010.84. Epub 2010 Jul 6.
Gastrointestinal complications are known to commonly occur in patients with renal failure. Uremia and dialysis have long been speculated to increase the risk of lesions in the gastrointestinal tract and accessory organs. In addition, gastrointestinal procedures such as gastrointestinal bypass surgery and the administration of colonoscopy preparations can lead to the development of renal complications. Results from studies that have attempted to define the association between renal dysfunction and gastrointestinal complications are, however, conflicting and limited by small and varied sample populations. No clear management guidelines currently exist for many of the gastrointestinal problems that accompany renal failure. This Review examines the existing data on gastrointestinal complications in patients with chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease and aims to outline the etiology and management of common gastrointestinal disorders in such patients.
胃肠道并发症在肾衰竭患者中较为常见。长期以来，人们一直推测尿毒症和透析会增加胃肠道和附属器官损伤的风险。此外，胃肠道手术如胃肠旁路手术和结肠镜检查准备的实施也可能导致肾功能并发症的发生。然而，试图定义肾功能障碍与胃肠道并发症之间的关联的研究结果存在冲突，并受到小样本和多样化的样本人群的限制。目前，对于许多伴随肾衰竭发生的胃肠道问题，还没有明确的管理指南。本综述检查了慢性肾脏病和终末期肾病患者胃肠道并发症的现有数据，并旨在概述此类患者常见胃肠道疾病的病因和治疗方法。
