Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
Neurotoxicol Teratol. 2010 Nov-Dec;32(6):589-94. doi: 10.1016/j.ntt.2010.06.012. Epub 2010 Jul 6.
This study identified structural changes in the caudate nucleus in offspring of mothers who drank moderate levels of alcohol during pregnancy. In addition, the effect of duration of alcohol use during pregnancy was assessed. Young adults were recruited from the Maternal Health Practices and Child Development Project. Three groups were evaluated: prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) during all three trimesters (3T), PAE during the first trimester only (1T), and controls with no PAE (0T). Magnetic resonance images were processed using the automated labeling pathway technique. Volume was measured as the number (gray+white) and relative percentage (caudate count/whole brain count x 100) of voxels. Asymmetry was calculated by subtracting the caudate volume on the left from the right and dividing by the total (L-R/L+R). Data analyses controlled for gender, handedness, and prenatal tobacco and marijuana exposures. There were no significant differences between the groups for whole brain, left, or right volumes. There was a dose-response effect across the three exposure groups both in terms of magnitude and direction of asymmetry. In the 3T group, the left caudate was larger relative to the right caudate compared to the 0T group. The average magnitude of caudate asymmetry for the 1T group was intermediate between the 0T and 3T groups. Subtle anatomical changes in the caudate are detected at the moderate end of the spectrum of prenatal alcohol exposure.
这项研究确定了母亲在怀孕期间适度饮酒的胎儿的尾状核结构变化。此外，还评估了怀孕期间饮酒时间长短的影响。研究对象来自于母婴健康实践和儿童发展项目。评估了三组人群：整个孕期三个阶段（3T）有酒精暴露史的胎儿（PAE）、仅在孕早期有酒精暴露史的胎儿（1T）和没有 PAE 的对照组胎儿（0T）。采用自动标记途径技术对磁共振图像进行处理。体积以体素数（灰质+白质）和相对百分比（尾状核计数/全脑计数×100）表示。不对称性通过从左侧减去右侧尾状核体积并除以总（L-R/L+R）来计算。数据分析控制了性别、利手性以及产前吸烟和大麻暴露情况。全脑、左侧或右侧体积在三组之间没有显著差异。在三个暴露组中，无论是在不对称性的幅度还是方向上，都存在剂量反应效应。在 3T 组中，与 0T 组相比，左侧尾状核相对于右侧尾状核更大。1T 组的尾状核不对称性平均幅度在 0T 和 3T 组之间。在产前酒精暴露谱的中等范围内，检测到尾状核的细微解剖结构变化。
