Philipps-University Marburg, Department of Clinical Psychology, Marburg, Germany.
Eur Psychiatry. 2011 Mar;26(2):100-7. doi: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2009.12.024. Epub 2010 Jul 8.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) often persists into adulthood. Instruments for diagnosing ADHD in childhood are well validated and reliable, but diagnosis of ADHD in adults remains problematic. Attempts have been made to develop criteria specific for adult ADHD, resulting in the development of self-report and observer-rated questionnaires. To date, the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS) are the international standard for questionnaire assessment of ADHD. The current study evaluates a German version of the CAARS self-report (CAARS-S).
Eight hundred and fifty healthy German control subjects were recruited to fill out the CAARS-S and to answer questions on sociodemographic variables. Explorative and confirmative factor analyses were conducted to obtain the factor structure for the German model and to replicate the factor structure of the original American model. Analyses on gender, age, and education level were calculated for normative data.
The explorative factor analysis of the German sample results in a six-factor solution that explained 52% of the variance. A confirmative analysis that was based on the 42 items of the original American model showed a high model-fit. Analyses of normative data showed significant influences of age, gender, and education level on the emerging subscales.
Even though the explorative factor analysis yields a solution different from the American original, the confirmative factor analysis results in such a high model-fit that use of the American version is justified with respect to international multicenter studies, for which this instrument will be highly valuable.
注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）在成年后常常持续存在。用于诊断儿童 ADHD 的工具经过了充分的验证和可靠性研究，但是成人 ADHD 的诊断仍然存在问题。人们已经尝试开发专门用于成人 ADHD 的诊断标准，由此产生了自评和观察评定问卷。迄今为止，康纳斯成人 ADHD 评定量表（CAARS）是用于 ADHD 问卷评估的国际标准。本研究评估了 CAARS 自评量表（CAARS-S）的德文版本。
招募了 850 名健康的德国对照受试者填写 CAARS-S，并回答有关社会人口统计学变量的问题。进行探索性和验证性因素分析，以获得德国模型的因子结构，并复制原始美国模型的因子结构。对性别、年龄和教育水平进行分析，以获得正常数据。
德国样本的探索性因素分析得出了一个六因子解决方案，解释了 52%的方差。基于美国原始模型的 42 个项目的验证性分析显示出高度的模型拟合度。正常数据的分析表明，年龄、性别和教育水平对新兴子量表有显著影响。
尽管探索性因素分析得出的解决方案与美国原版不同，但验证性因素分析的模型拟合度很高，因此在国际多中心研究中使用美国版是合理的，对于这种工具来说，这将是非常有价值的。
