University of Guelph, Psychology Department, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1.
Soc Sci Med. 2010 Sep;71(5):958-65. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.05.047. Epub 2010 Jun 17.
Although parental supervision is associated with reduced risk of injury to young children, supervision by older siblings has been shown to increase this risk. The current study, conducted in Guelph, Canada, explored how this differential risk of injury may arise. It compares the supervision behaviors of mothers to those of their older children when each was the designated supervisor of a young child, shown on a videotape to engage in no risk, risk, and rule violation behaviors in a home situation. The mothers and older child supervisors were told to imagine the toddler on the videotape was the young child in their own family, and to stop the tape and speak to the child whenever they would in real life. Results indicated that supervisees were allowed to engage in more risk behaviors when supervised by older siblings than by mothers. Sibling supervisors reacted to risk behaviors with more prohibitions, whereas mothers adopted a teaching orientation and gave more explanations and directions in response to risk behaviors by the supervisee. Implications for injury prevention and directions for future research are discussed.
尽管父母的监督与儿童受伤风险的降低有关，但研究表明，年长兄弟姐妹的监督会增加这种风险。本研究在加拿大圭尔夫进行，旨在探讨这种不同的受伤风险是如何产生的。它比较了母亲和年长子女在被指定监督幼儿时的监督行为，在家庭环境中，幼儿会在录像带上进行无风险、有风险和违反规则的行为。母亲和年长子女的监督者被告知要想象录像带上的幼儿是自己家庭中的幼儿，并在现实生活中随时停止录像并与幼儿交谈。结果表明，当幼儿由年长的兄弟姐妹监督时，他们会被允许参与更多的风险行为。兄弟姐妹的监督者对风险行为做出更多的禁止，而母亲则采取了教导的方式，对监督者的风险行为做出更多的解释和指导。本文讨论了对伤害预防的启示和未来研究的方向。
