Center for Integrative Approaches to Health Disparities, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2010 Jul 2;5(7):e11424. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011424.
National data on birthweight from birth certificates or medical records are not available in India. The third Indian National Family Health Survey included data on birthweight of children obtained from health cards and maternal recall. This study aims to describe the population that these data represent and compares the birthweight obtained from health cards with maternal recall data in terms of its socioeconomic patterning and as a risk factor for childhood growth failure.
METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The analytic sample consisted of children aged 0 to 59 months with birthweight data obtained from health cards (n = 3227) and maternal recall (n = 16,787). The difference between the card sample and the maternal recall sample in the distribution across household wealth, parental education, caste, religion, gender, and urban residence was compared using multilevel models. We also assessed the ability of birthweight to predict growth failure in infancy and childhood in the two groups. The survey contains birthweight data from a majority of household wealth categories (>5% in every category for recall), both genders, all age groups, all caste groups, all religion groups, and urban and rural dwellers. However, children from the lowest quintile of household wealth were under-represented (4.73% in card and 8.62% in recall samples). Comparison of data across health cards and maternal recall revealed similar social patterning of low birthweight and ability of birthweight to predict growth failure later in life. Children were less likely to be born with low birthweight if they had mothers with over 12 years of education compared to 1-5 years of education with relative risk (RR) of 0.79 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.52, 1.2) in the card sample and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.59, 0.84) in the recall sample. A 100 gram difference in a child's birthweight was associated with a decreased likelihood of underweight in both the card (RR: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.94, 0.96) and recall (RR: 0.96; 95% CI: 0.96, 0.97) samples.
Our results suggest that in the absence of other sources, the data on birthweight in the third Indian National Family Health Survey is valuable for epidemiologic research.
印度没有出生证明或医疗记录中的全国出生体重数据。第三次印度国家家庭健康调查包括从健康卡和母亲回忆中获得的儿童出生体重数据。本研究旨在描述这些数据所代表的人群，并比较从健康卡获得的出生体重与母亲回忆数据在社会经济模式方面的差异，并将其作为儿童生长发育不良的风险因素。
方法/主要发现：分析样本包括从健康卡（n=3227）和母亲回忆（n=16787）中获得出生体重数据的 0 至 59 个月龄儿童。使用多层模型比较卡片样本和母亲回忆样本在家庭财富、父母教育、种姓、宗教、性别和城乡居住分布方面的差异。我们还评估了出生体重在两组中预测婴儿期和儿童期生长发育不良的能力。该调查包含来自大多数家庭财富类别的出生体重数据（回忆中每个类别都超过 5%），涵盖了所有性别、所有年龄组、所有种姓群体、所有宗教群体以及城乡居民。然而，来自家庭财富最低五分位数的儿童代表性不足（卡片样本中为 4.73%，回忆样本中为 8.62%）。健康卡和母亲回忆之间的数据比较显示，低出生体重的社会模式相似，出生体重预测后期生长发育不良的能力也相似。与受教育 1-5 年的母亲相比，如果母亲受过 12 年以上的教育，孩子出生时体重较轻的可能性较低，相对风险（RR）分别为 0.79（95%置信区间[CI]：0.52，1.2）在卡片样本和 0.70（95%CI：0.59，0.84）在回忆样本中。儿童出生体重相差 100 克与体重不足的可能性降低有关，在卡片（RR：0.95；95%CI：0.94，0.96）和回忆（RR：0.96；95%CI：0.96，0.97）样本中均如此。
我们的研究结果表明，在没有其他来源的情况下，第三次印度国家家庭健康调查中的出生体重数据对于流行病学研究是有价值的。
