Londrina Municipal Health Department, Londrina, Brazil.
J Bras Pneumol. 2010 May-Jun;36(3):286-92. doi: 10.1590/s1806-37132010000300004.
To determine the prevalence of symptoms of asthma, rhinitis and atopic eczema among students between 6 and 7 years of age in the city of Londrina, Brazil.
A population-based study using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) standardized questionnaire (asthma, rhinitis and atopic eczema modules), validated for use in Brazil, in public school students between 6 and 7 years of age.
Of the 3,963 questionnaires retrieved, 3,600 (90.8%) were appropriately completed and were used in the analysis. The prevalence of symptoms of asthma, rhinitis and atopic eczema in the last 12 months was 22.0%, 27.3% and 9.6%, respectively. The prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma, rhinitis and atopic eczema was 10.4%, 23.4% and 11.4%, respectively. The prevalence of rhinoconjunctivitis and flexural eczema was 13.6% and 6.6%, respectively. Although symptoms of asthma and rhinitis were more common in males than in females, no gender difference was found regarding atopic eczema symptoms.
The prevalence of symptoms of asthma, rhinitis and atopic eczema in our sample was within the range found at the facilities that participated in phases I and III of the ISAAC in Brazil. The low prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma suggests that asthma continues to be underdiagnosed.
在巴西隆德里纳市，确定 6 至 7 岁学生中哮喘、鼻炎和特应性皮炎症状的流行率。
采用基于人群的研究，使用经过验证可用于巴西的国际儿童哮喘和过敏研究（ISAAC）标准化问卷（哮喘、鼻炎和特应性皮炎模块），对 6 至 7 岁公立学校学生进行调查。
在收回的 3963 份问卷中，有 3600 份（90.8%）填写完整，可用于分析。在过去 12 个月中，哮喘、鼻炎和特应性皮炎症状的发生率分别为 22.0%、27.3%和 9.6%。经医生诊断的哮喘、鼻炎和特应性皮炎的发生率分别为 10.4%、23.4%和 11.4%。鼻结膜炎和屈侧湿疹的发生率分别为 13.6%和 6.6%。虽然哮喘和鼻炎症状在男性中比在女性中更为常见，但在特应性皮炎症状方面未发现性别差异。
在我们的样本中，哮喘、鼻炎和特应性皮炎症状的流行率处于巴西参与 ISAAC 第一和第三阶段的机构范围内。经医生诊断的哮喘的低发生率表明哮喘仍存在漏诊情况。
