Alberte-Castiñeiras Armando, Campos-Bueno Angel, López-Urrutia Luis, Alvarez-Alonso Elena, Megías Gregoria, Ojeda-Fernández Eva, López-Medrano Ramiro, Iglesias-García Jesús, García-Carbajosa Santiago, Pérez-Pascual Pilar
Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Río Hortega de Valladolid, Valladolid, España.
Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2010 Dec;28(10):706-9. doi: 10.1016/j.eimc.2010.02.011.
During 2001-2005, a regional anti-tuberculosis drug resistance survey was conducted in Castilla y León, Spain, in newly treated HIV negative tuberculosis (TB) patients.
A total of 918 Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains were studied (one strain per patient) from six hospitals corresponding to 46.7% of the total population of Castilla y León, using the proportion method on solid medium.
Primary drug resistance was 4.2% (streptomycin 1.2%, isoniazid 3.2%, rifampin 0.3%, ethambutol 0.1% and pyrazinamide 0.5%). Mono-resistance was observed in 24 (2.6%) and resistance to both isoniazid and rifampin (multi-drug resistance) was detected in one case (0.1%). These results were not statistically significant compared to previous studies in the same Community.
The incidence of primary drug resistance in the surveyed area was low, including isoniazid, allowing new anti-tuberculosis treatment with the standardised three-drug regimen to be started. Regular surveillance of drug resistance is recommended by the TB control programme in representative patient populations to optimize treatment regimens.
2001年至2005年期间，在西班牙卡斯蒂利亚-莱昂对新治疗的HIV阴性肺结核（TB）患者进行了一项区域性抗结核药物耐药性调查。
从六家医院共研究了918株结核分枝杆菌菌株（每位患者一株），这些医院的患者占卡斯蒂利亚-莱昂总人口的46.7%，采用固体培养基上的比例法。
原发性耐药率为4.2%（链霉素1.2%，异烟肼3.2%，利福平0.3%，乙胺丁醇0.1%，吡嗪酰胺0.5%）。观察到24例（2.6%）单耐药，1例（0.1%）检测到对异烟肼和利福平均耐药（多重耐药）。与同一社区先前的研究相比，这些结果无统计学意义。
调查地区原发性耐药的发生率较低，包括异烟肼，因此可以开始采用标准化的三联药物方案进行新的抗结核治疗。结核病控制项目建议对有代表性的患者群体定期进行耐药监测，以优化治疗方案。
