Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University of Genova, Genova, Italy.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2010 Jun 24;6:209-18. doi: 10.2147/ndt.s10361.
Subjective tinnitus is a frequent, impairing condition, which may also cause neurotransmitter imbalance at the cochlea. Psychopharmacologic agents, although not being the first-line treatment for tinnitus, may modulate cochlear neurotransmission, thereby influencing the subjective tinnitus experience.
A comprehensive review of MEDLINE literature (from January 1990-January 2010) was performed searching for: "tinnitus", major classes of psychopharmacological agents, and psychiatric disorders. The most relevant clinical evidence is reported briefly along with a concise description of the main neurotransmitters purported to be involved in tinnitus, in order to provide the reader with a rational evaluation of tinnitus therapy with psychopharmacological agents.
Although strong methodological issues limit the reliability of the current results, a broad number of psychopharmacological agents have already been considered for tinnitus, both as candidate triggers or potential therapies.
Selected psychopharmacological drugs may play a role in the clinical management of this disorder. While the rational use of these agents for the treatment of tinnitus should not be overlooked, research should be undertaken on their neuromodulating actions at the cochlea.
主观性耳鸣是一种常见且会造成损害的状况，也可能导致耳蜗内神经递质失衡。精神药理学药物虽然并非耳鸣的一线治疗药物，但可能调节耳蜗神经传递，从而影响主观性耳鸣的体验。
对 MEDLINE 文献（1990 年 1 月至 2010 年 1 月）进行全面综述，检索词包括：“耳鸣”、精神药理学药物的主要类别和精神障碍。简要报告最相关的临床证据，并简要描述据称与耳鸣有关的主要神经递质，以便为读者提供对耳鸣治疗中使用精神药理学药物的理性评估。
尽管存在强烈的方法学问题限制了当前结果的可靠性，但已经考虑了许多精神药理学药物来治疗耳鸣，既有作为潜在触发因素，也有作为潜在治疗药物。
某些精神药理学药物可能在这种疾病的临床管理中发挥作用。虽然不应忽视这些药物在治疗耳鸣中的合理应用，但应研究它们在耳蜗中的神经调节作用。
