Department of Medical Oncology, Dubai Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates.
Expert Rev Mol Diagn. 2010 Jul;10(5):581-90. doi: 10.1586/erm.10.35.
Once metastatic disease is documented, cure is no longer the goal and the disease is generally associated with poor outcomes, with the majority of patients dying of their disease rather than other causes. The last three decades have seen significant advances in the genomics, proteomics and molecular pathology of biomarkers in cancer, allowing for individualization of therapy that has significantly and positively impacted survival outcomes. Genetic signatures have been identified that can predict not only the future development of metastases, but also the development of specific sites of metastases. Protein biomarkers have been identified that are in use clinically for the monitoring of both disease progression and therapeutic efficacy. DNA- and RNA-based biomarkers have also been identified. This review will focus on some of the novel biomarkers that have been developed over the last decade.
一旦转移性疾病得到证实，治愈就不再是目标，而且这种疾病通常与不良预后相关，大多数患者死于疾病本身，而不是其他原因。在过去的三十年中，癌症的基因组学、蛋白质组学和分子病理学的生物标志物取得了重大进展，使得治疗个体化成为可能，这显著地改善了生存结果。已经确定了遗传特征，不仅可以预测转移的未来发展，还可以预测转移的特定部位。已经确定了用于监测疾病进展和治疗效果的临床蛋白质生物标志物。还确定了基于 DNA 和 RNA 的生物标志物。这篇综述将重点介绍过去十年中开发的一些新的生物标志物。
