Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland.
J Psychosom Res. 2010 Jul;69(1):51-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2010.01.002. Epub 2010 Mar 19.
Burnout, a psychological consequence of prolonged work stress, has been shown to coexist with physical and mental disorders. The aim of this study was to investigate whether burnout is related to all-cause mortality among employees.
In 1996, of 15,466 Finnish forest industry employees, 9705 participated in the 'Still Working' study and 8371 were subsequently identified from the National Population Register. Those who had been treated in a hospital for the most common causes of death prior to the assessment of burnout were excluded on the basis of the Hospital Discharge Register, resulting in a final study population of 7396 people. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey. Dates of death from 1996 to 2006 were extracted from the National Mortality Register. Mortality was predicted with Cox hazard regression models, controlling for baseline sociodemographic factors and register-based health status according to entitled medical reimbursement and prescribed medication for mental health problems, cardiac risk factors, and pain problems.
During the 10-year 10-month follow-up, a total of 199 employees had died. The risk of mortality per one-unit increase in burnout was 35% higher (95% CI 1.07-1.71) for total score and 26% higher (0.99-1.60) for exhaustion, 29% higher for cynicism (1.03-1.62), and 22% higher for diminished professional efficacy (0.96-1.55) in participants who had been under 45 at baseline. After adjustments, only the associations regarding burnout and exhaustion were statistically significant. Burnout was not related to mortality among the older employees.
Burnout, especially work-related exhaustion, may be a risk for overall survival.
burnout（职业倦怠）是一种由长期工作压力引起的心理后果，已被证明与身心障碍共存。本研究旨在探讨 burnout 是否与员工的全因死亡率相关。
1996 年，在 15466 名芬兰林业工人中，有 9705 人参加了“仍在工作”研究，随后从国家人口登记册中确定了 8371 人。根据住院病人出院记录，排除了在 burnout 评估前因最常见死因而在医院接受治疗的人，最终研究人群为 7396 人。使用 Maslach 职业倦怠量表通用调查版测量 burnout。1996 年至 2006 年期间的死亡日期从国家死亡率登记册中提取。使用 Cox 风险回归模型预测死亡率，控制基线社会人口因素以及根据规定的医疗报销和治疗精神健康问题、心脏危险因素和疼痛问题的处方药物确定的基于登记册的健康状况。
在 10 年 10 个月的随访期间，共有 199 名员工死亡。与 burnout 总分每增加一个单位相比，总死亡率的风险增加 35%（95%CI 1.07-1.71），与精疲力竭相比增加 26%（0.99-1.60），与愤世嫉俗相比增加 29%（1.03-1.62），与专业效能降低相比增加 22%（0.96-1.55）。在基线年龄小于 45 岁的参与者中，调整后仅与 burnout 和精疲力竭相关的关联具有统计学意义。 burnout 与年龄较大的员工的死亡率无关。
burnout（职业倦怠），尤其是与工作相关的精疲力竭，可能是总生存的风险因素。
