Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine/The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Curr Opin Ophthalmol. 2010 Sep;21(5):367-74. doi: 10.1097/ICU.0b013e32833cd422.
Congenital abnormalities of the cranium and face present complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenges to the ophthalmologist.
Patients with craniofacial anomalies are best treated by a multidisciplinary team that includes specialists from plastic surgery, neurosurgery, ophthalmology, otolaryngology, oromaxillofacial surgery, orthodontics, anesthesia, and genetics as well as specialists in support disciplines such as nursing, social work, and nutrition. Other subspecialty needs may be important to address behavioral and developmental issues as well as associated systemic anomalies and medical conditions. The specialists must work together to provide for the overall well being of the patient. To assist in the evaluation and treatment of these patients, the ophthalmologist must possess an understanding of craniofacial syndromes as well as the necessary medical and surgical interventions required to improve ocular and adnexal problems.
This article systematically reviews the major craniofacial anomalies of ophthalmic importance and highlights salient treatment issues.
颅面畸形对眼科医生来说具有复杂的诊断和治疗挑战。
颅面畸形患者最好由包括来自整形外科、神经外科、眼科、耳鼻喉科、口腔颌面外科、正畸科、麻醉科和遗传学以及护理、社会工作和营养等支持学科的专家在内的多学科团队进行治疗。其他亚专科需求可能很重要，以解决行为和发育问题以及相关的全身异常和疾病。专家们必须共同努力，为患者的整体健康服务。为了协助评估和治疗这些患者，眼科医生必须了解颅面综合征以及改善眼部和附属器问题所需的必要的医疗和手术干预。
本文系统地综述了具有重要眼科意义的主要颅面畸形，并强调了突出的治疗问题。
