Cockerell C J
Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas 75235-9072.
Arch Intern Med. 1991 Jul;151(7):1295-303.
The skin is commonly affected in the course of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. In many cases, skin findings may be the earliest sign of HIV disease or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. When cutaneous diseases occur in unusual settings, such as zoster in a young individual, are increased in severity or fail to respond to routine therapy, the possibility of underlying immunodeficiency should be suspected. Skin diseases in HIV-infected hosts include primary infections, such as those caused by herpes simplex virus and molluscum contagiosum, as well as secondary involvement of systemic diseases, such as cryptococcosis and histoplasmosis. Noninfectious inflammatory processes, such as seborrheic dermatitis and psoriasis, as well as neoplasms, such as Kaposi's sarcoma and basal cell carcinoma, may all be seen in these patients. We review a number of these diseases and discuss their treatment. Clinicians must be aware of the cutaneous manifestations of HIV infection so that the disease will be recognized at an earlier point in time and therapy with zidovudine and prophylactic antibiotics will be instituted where appropriate.
在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染过程中，皮肤常受到影响。在许多情况下，皮肤表现可能是HIV疾病或获得性免疫缺陷综合征的最早迹象。当皮肤病在不寻常的情况下发生时，如年轻人患带状疱疹，病情加重或对常规治疗无反应，应怀疑存在潜在免疫缺陷。HIV感染宿主的皮肤病包括原发性感染，如由单纯疱疹病毒和传染性软疣引起的感染，以及系统性疾病的继发性累及，如隐球菌病和组织胞浆菌病。非感染性炎症过程，如脂溢性皮炎和银屑病，以及肿瘤，如卡波西肉瘤和基底细胞癌，在这些患者中都可能出现。我们回顾了其中一些疾病并讨论了它们的治疗方法。临床医生必须了解HIV感染的皮肤表现，以便能在更早的时间点识别该疾病，并在适当的时候使用齐多夫定和预防性抗生素进行治疗。
