Marouelli L P, Inglis P W, Ferreira M A, Buso G S C
Departamento de Botânica, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil.
Genet Mol Res. 2010 Jul 13;9(3):1377-87. doi: 10.4238/vol9-3gmr847.
The family Heliconiaceae contains a single genus, Heliconia, with approximately 180 species of Neotropical origin. This genus was formerly allocated to the family Musaceae, but today forms its own family, in the order Zingiberales. The combination of inverted flowers, a single staminode and drupe fruits is an exclusive characteristic of Heliconia. Heliconias are cultivated as ornamental garden plants, and are of increasing importance as cut flowers. However, there are taxonomic confusions and uncertainties about the number of species and the relationships among them. Molecular studies are therefore necessary for better understanding of the species boundaries of these plants. We examined the genetic variability and the phylogenetic relationships of 124 accessions of the genus Heliconia based on RAPD markers. Phenetic and cladistic analyses, using 231 polymorphic RAPD markers, demonstrated that the genus Heliconia is monophyletic. Groupings corresponding to currently recognized species and some subgenera were found, and cultivars and hybrids were found to cluster with their parents. RAPD analysis generally agreed with morphological species classification, except for the position of the subgenus Stenochlamys, which was found to be polyphyletic.
蝎尾蕉科仅包含一个属，即蝎尾蕉属，约有180种原产于新热带地区。该属以前被归为芭蕉科，但如今自成一科，属于姜目。花倒置、具单个退化雄蕊和核果是蝎尾蕉属独有的特征。蝎尾蕉作为园林观赏植物进行栽培，并且作为切花的重要性日益增加。然而，在物种数量及其相互关系方面存在分类学上的混淆和不确定性。因此，有必要进行分子研究以更好地理解这些植物的物种界限。我们基于随机扩增多态性DNA（RAPD）标记研究了124份蝎尾蕉属材料的遗传变异性和系统发育关系。使用231个多态性RAPD标记进行的表型分析和分支分析表明，蝎尾蕉属是单系的。发现了与当前公认的物种和一些亚属相对应的分组，并且发现栽培品种和杂交种与其亲本聚类在一起。RAPD分析总体上与形态学物种分类一致，但窄瓣蝎尾蕉亚属的位置除外，该亚属被发现是多系的。
