Université Bordeaux 2, and Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Cell (IBGC) du CNRS, Bordeaux, France.
Antioxid Redox Signal. 2011 Feb 1;14(3):459-68. doi: 10.1089/ars.2010.3363. Epub 2010 Oct 18.
Mitochondria are the main source of reactive oxygen species in the cell. These reactive oxygen species have long been known as being involved in oxidative stress. This is a review of the mechanisms involved in reactive oxygen species generation by the respiratory chain and some of the dehydrogenases and the control by thermodynamic and kinetic constraints. Mitochondrial ROS produced at the level of the bc1 complex as well at the level of complex I are discussed. It was recognized more than a decade ago that they can also function as signaling molecules. This signaling role will be developed both in terms of mechanism and in terms of mitochondrial ROS signaling. The notion that hydrogen peroxide acts not only as a damaging oxidant but also as a signaling molecule was proposed more than a decade ago. Hydrogen peroxide signaling can be either direct (oxidation of its target) or indirect (involving peroxiredoxins, for example). The consequences of ROS signaling on crucial biologic processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation are discussed.
线粒体是细胞中活性氧（reactive oxygen species，ROS）的主要来源。这些活性氧长期以来一直被认为与氧化应激有关。本文综述了呼吸链和一些脱氢酶产生活性氧的机制，以及热力学和动力学限制的控制。讨论了 bc1 复合物和复合物 I 水平产生的线粒体 ROS。十多年前就已经认识到，它们也可以作为信号分子发挥作用。这种信号作用将从机制和线粒体 ROS 信号两个方面展开。十多年前就提出了这样一种观点，即过氧化氢不仅可以作为一种有害的氧化剂，还可以作为一种信号分子。过氧化氢信号可以是直接的（其靶标的氧化），也可以是间接的（例如涉及过氧化物酶）。ROS 信号对细胞增殖和分化等关键生物过程的影响也将进行讨论。
