Danışman Betül, Ercan Kelek Sevim, Aslan Mutay
Department of Biophysics, Atatürk University, Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey.
Akdeniz University, Vocational School of Health Services, Antalya, Turkey.
Psychiatry Clin Psychopharmacol. 2023 Jun 1;33(2):147-155. doi: 10.5152/pcp.2023.23633. eCollection 2023 Jun.
Neurodegeneration is a process leading to the progressive loss of structure and functions of neurons. Many neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Huntington's disease have shown many common points at the subcellular level. Neurons are metabolically active cells and need a high amount of energy. Mitochondria are known as the energy synthesis center for cells, involved in the synthesis of adenosine triphosphate by oxidative phosphorylation. Rather than just being an energy synthesis center, it has critical importance for many cellular functions such as calcium homeostasis, cell proliferation, cell growth, and apoptosis. In the process of mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular functions are disrupted and cells enter the apoptotic or necrotic pathway. Resveratrol (trans-3,5,4-trihydoxystilbene), a plant-derived polyphenol found in the seed of grapes, berries, peanuts, and wine, has many biological effects such as inhibition of lipid peroxidation, scavenging of free radicals, changes in eicosanoid synthesis, inhibition of platelet aggregation, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activity, and regulation of lipid metabolism. Through the reviewed literature, the current study investigated the protective role of resveratrol in neurodegenerative diseases. Studies show that resveratrol moderates mitochondrial function, redox status, and cellular dynamics in both and experimental models of neurodegeneration. Resveratrol suppresses reactive oxygen species production by reducing the activity of complex III due to its competition effect with coenzyme Q. In the present work, we discussed the protective effects of resveratrol on neurodegeneration, neurodegenerative diseases, and the redox biology of the mitochondria.
神经退行性变是一个导致神经元结构和功能逐渐丧失的过程。许多神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病和亨廷顿病，在亚细胞水平上表现出许多共同点。神经元是代谢活跃的细胞，需要大量能量。线粒体是细胞的能量合成中心，通过氧化磷酸化参与三磷酸腺苷的合成。它不仅仅是一个能量合成中心，对许多细胞功能如钙稳态、细胞增殖、细胞生长和细胞凋亡也至关重要。在线粒体功能障碍过程中，细胞功能被破坏，细胞进入凋亡或坏死途径。白藜芦醇（反式-3,5,4-三羟基芪）是一种在葡萄种子、浆果、花生和葡萄酒中发现的植物源多酚，具有许多生物学效应，如抑制脂质过氧化、清除自由基、改变类花生酸合成、抑制血小板聚集、抗炎和抗癌活性以及调节脂质代谢。通过综述文献，本研究调查了白藜芦醇在神经退行性疾病中的保护作用。研究表明，白藜芦醇在神经退行性变的体内和体外实验模型中均可调节线粒体功能、氧化还原状态和细胞动力学。由于其与辅酶Q的竞争作用，白藜芦醇通过降低复合物III的活性来抑制活性氧的产生。在本研究中，我们讨论了白藜芦醇对神经退行性变、神经退行性疾病以及线粒体氧化还原生物学的保护作用。
