Nowicka Paulina, Flodmark Carl-Erik
Childhood Obesity Unit, Skåne University Hospital and Department of Pediatrics, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden.
Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2011 Jan;16(1):129-45. doi: 10.1177/1359104509355020. Epub 2010 Jul 22.
More than 15 percent of children in Europe are overweight; another 5 percent are obese. The high prevalence of obesity emphasizes the necessity of developing evidence-based treatment programs that are useful in a clinical setting. Management of childhood obesity is commonly based on lifestyle interventions where nutrition, physical activity, and behavior modification are the main targets. To incorporate lifestyle interventions, many childhood obesity treatment models use different psychological models, such as behavior modification or cognitive behavior therapy. This paper presents the key lessons from a research program on an empirically supported family-therapy-based treatment, Standardized Obesity Family Therapy (SOFT). SOFT is based on systemic and solution-focused theories and has shown positive effects on the child with respect to degree of obesity, physical fitness, self-esteem, and family functioning in several studies. The distinguishing features of SOFT are the focus on family interactions as an important source for implementing and maintaining lifestyle changes, the multidisciplinary team approach, and a limited number of sessions (three to four per year). The main aim of this paper is to provide tools for clinicians in the field of obesity who work with families, alone or in a multidisciplinary team.
欧洲超过15%的儿童超重；另有5%肥胖。肥胖的高患病率凸显了制定在临床环境中有用的循证治疗方案的必要性。儿童肥胖的管理通常基于生活方式干预，其中营养、体育活动和行为改变是主要目标。为纳入生活方式干预，许多儿童肥胖治疗模式采用不同的心理模式，如行为改变或认知行为疗法。本文介绍了一项基于实证支持的家庭治疗的研究项目——标准化肥胖家庭治疗（SOFT）的关键经验教训。SOFT基于系统理论和聚焦解决方案的理论，在多项研究中已显示出对儿童在肥胖程度、身体健康、自尊和家庭功能方面有积极影响。SOFT的显著特点是将家庭互动作为实施和维持生活方式改变的重要来源，采用多学科团队方法，且疗程数量有限（每年三到四次）。本文的主要目的是为肥胖领域中与家庭合作的临床医生提供工具，无论他们是独自工作还是在多学科团队中工作。
