Harney Kathy M, McCabe Margaret, Branowicki Patricia, Kalish Leslie A, Neufeld Ellis J
Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital Boston, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
J Pediatr Oncol Nurs. 2010 Nov-Dec;27(6):325-9. doi: 10.1177/1043454210369895. Epub 2010 Jul 23.
The risk of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) among hospitalized children is rising.The optimal approach to DVT prophylaxis in children is unclear. This study set out to ascertain the prevalence of DVT among pediatric inpatients who neither have contraindications to nor absolute indications for prophylactic therapy. A prospective surveillance of at-risk children plus a retrospective chart review were conducted. Patients were considered to be at risk after the first 2 days of their admission. Of 1,637 patients reviewed, 198 patients met criteria; among these, 84% did not receive prophylaxis. Of 2,354 observed days at risk for nonprophylaxed patients (including days at risk prior to initiating prophylaxis among prophlyaxed patients), there were 9 DVT events, for a rate 3.82/1,000 days observed. A total of 31 patients received prophylaxis. Three of these patients experienced a DVT. One patient had a bleeding event, hematuria. These results describe patients who may be eligible for prophylaxis and should be screened for further risk factors.
住院儿童发生深静脉血栓形成（DVT）的风险正在上升。儿童DVT预防的最佳方法尚不清楚。本研究旨在确定既无预防治疗禁忌症也无绝对适应症的儿科住院患者中DVT的患病率。对有风险的儿童进行了前瞻性监测并对病历进行了回顾性审查。患者在入院的前两天后被视为有风险。在1637例接受审查的患者中，198例符合标准；其中，84%未接受预防治疗。在未接受预防治疗的患者2354个观察到的风险日中（包括接受预防治疗的患者开始预防治疗之前的风险日），有9例DVT事件，发生率为3.82/1000观察日。共有31例患者接受了预防治疗。其中3例患者发生了DVT。1例患者发生了出血事件，即血尿。这些结果描述了可能适合进行预防治疗且应筛查进一步风险因素的患者。
