International Center for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Jpn J Infect Dis. 2010 Jul;63(4):271-4.
In clinical cholera, a 3-day course of antibiotic complements extensive rehydration therapy by reducing stool volume, shortening the illness, and averting death. However, antibiotic therapy, which has lifesaving implications for cholera, is often hindered due to multidrug resistance in Vibrio cholerae, the cause of cholera. Crude aqueous mixture and water soluble methanol extract from leaf and bark of Psidium guajava, a tropical fruit guava of the family Myrtaceae, showed strong antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant V. cholerae O1. The in vitro minimum inhibitory concentration of the crude aqueous mixture and water soluble methanol extract, which was bactericidal against 10(7) CFU/mL of V. cholerae was determined to be 1,250 microg/mL and 850 microg/mL, respectively. The antibacterial activity of P. guajava was stable at 100 degrees C for 15-20 min, suggesting nonprotein nature of the active component. The growth of V. cholerae in rice oral rehydration saline (ORS) was completely inhibited when 10 mg/mL (wt/vol) of crude aqueous mixture was premixed with the ORS in a ratio of 1:7 (vol. extract/vol. ORS). P. guajava, which is widely distributed in Bangladesh, thus offers great potential for use in indigenous, herbal medicine for controlling epidemics of cholera.
在临床霍乱中,抗生素治疗可以通过减少粪便量、缩短病程和避免死亡来补充广泛的补液治疗。然而,抗生素治疗对霍乱有救生作用,但由于霍乱弧菌(引起霍乱的原因)的多药耐药性,这种治疗常常受到阻碍。番石榴(桃金娘科热带水果番石榴)的叶和树皮的粗水混合物和水溶性甲醇提取物对多药耐药性霍乱弧菌 O1 表现出强烈的抗菌活性。粗水混合物和水溶性甲醇提取物对 10(7)CFU/mL 霍乱弧菌的体外最小抑菌浓度分别为 1,250μg/mL 和 850μg/mL,具有杀菌作用。番石榴的抗菌活性在 100°C 下稳定 15-20 分钟,表明活性成分是非蛋白质性质的。当粗水混合物以 1:7(体积提取物/体积 ORS)的比例与 ORS 预混合时,10mg/mL(wt/vol)的混合物可完全抑制霍乱弧菌在大米口服补液盐(ORS)中的生长。因此,在孟加拉国广泛分布的番石榴为控制霍乱流行提供了在本土草药中使用的巨大潜力。