Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-7680, USA.
Expert Rev Respir Med. 2010 Aug;4(4):509-18. doi: 10.1586/ers.10.50.
The incidence of lung cancer in females is increasing, in contrast to that seen in males. In addition, the proportion of lung cancer cases in women attributable to smoking is approximately half of that seen in males. Female sex hormones, especially estrogen, may play a key role in this. Estrogen receptors ERalpha and ERbeta have been detected on lung cancer cells and there is new evidence suggesting that hormone-replacement therapy may increase both the incidence of, and mortality from, lung cancer in women. Laboratory evidence lends credence to the carcinogenic effects of estrogens in lung cancer. This article summarizes the current evidence on their role in lung cancer.
女性肺癌的发病率正在上升，与男性相比有所不同。此外，女性肺癌病例中归因于吸烟的比例约为男性的一半。女性性激素，特别是雌激素，可能在这方面发挥关键作用。肺癌细胞上已经检测到雌激素受体 ERalpha 和 ERbeta，并且有新的证据表明，激素替代疗法可能会增加女性肺癌的发病率和死亡率。实验室证据为雌激素在肺癌中的致癌作用提供了依据。本文总结了目前关于它们在肺癌中作用的证据。
