Department of Women's Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
Cancer Control. 2010 Jul;17(3):173-6. doi: 10.1177/107327481001700305.
An estimated 1 million cases of breast cancer are diagnosed annually worldwide. Of these, more than 170,000 are described as triple-negative. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is defined by the lack of protein expression of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) and the absence of HER2 protein overexpression. TNBC is a subtype of breast cancer that overlaps with the "basal-like" breast cancer. TNBC has significant clinical implications.
The epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical course, prognosis, and pathology of this subtype of breast cancer are reviewed. The authors compare the "triple-negative" and "basal-like" definitions of breast cancer. A discussion of both standard and experimental treatments for TNBC is included.
The poor prognosis of high-grade TNBC relates to poor disease-free interval in the adjuvant setting, shortened progression-free survival in the metastatic setting, and the lack of targeted therapy. However, not all TNBCs are associated with a poor prognosis.
Although chemotherapy is the main current treatment of this subtype of breast cancer, new agents such as PARP inhibitors, which show promise in the treatment of TNBC, are currently in clinical trials.
全球每年估计有 100 万例乳腺癌被诊断出来。其中，超过 17 万例被描述为三阴性。三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）的定义是缺乏雌激素受体（ER）和孕激素受体（PR）的蛋白表达，以及 HER2 蛋白过表达的缺失。TNBC 是一种与“基底样”乳腺癌重叠的乳腺癌亚型。TNBC 具有重要的临床意义。
本文回顾了这种乳腺癌亚型的流行病学、诊断、临床过程、预后和病理学。作者比较了乳腺癌的“三阴性”和“基底样”定义。讨论了 TNBC 的标准和实验治疗方法。
高级别 TNBC 的预后不良与辅助治疗中无病间隔较短、转移性治疗中无进展生存期缩短以及缺乏靶向治疗有关。然而，并非所有的 TNBC 都与预后不良相关。
虽然化疗是这种乳腺癌亚型的主要治疗方法，但新的药物，如 PARP 抑制剂，在治疗 TNBC 方面显示出前景，目前正在临床试验中。
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